ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2024
Quality and Accountability of ChatGPT in Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Simulated Patient Study.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital Health Technology Adoption Among Chinese Physicians: Latent Profile Analysis and Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Quality safety and disparity of an AI chatbot in managing chronic diseases: simulated patient experiments.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Generative Artificial Intelligence is Emerging as a Phantom Doctor in Low- and Middle-Income Countries - Health Systems Must Respond.Journal of medical systems · 2025Article
- Evaluating AI performance in infectious disease education: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Google Bard, Perplexity AI, Microsoft Copilot, and Meta AI.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- A pilot evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-3.5 for multiple sclerosis from case reports.Translational neuroscience · 2024Article
- Can artificial intelligence revolutionize healthcare in the Global South? A scoping review of opportunities and challenges.Digital healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Using simulated patients to mimic 9 established noncommunicable and infectious diseases, we assessed ChatGPT's performance in treatment recommendations for common diseases in low- and middle-income countries. ChatGPT had a high level of accuracy in both correct diagnoses (20/27, 74%) and medication prescriptions (22/27, 82%) but a concerning level of unnecessary or harmful medications (23/27, 85%) even with correct diagnoses. ChatGPT performed better in managing noncommunicable diseases than infectious ones. These results highlight the need for cautious AI integration in health care systems to ensure quality and safety.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.