ArticlePsychological medicine2024
Alterations in fear learning as a mechanism linking childhood exposure to violence with PTSD symptoms: a longitudinal study.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dimensions of early life adversity and accelerated biological aging in adolescents: an examination of fear-related mechanisms.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Early life adversity and physical health implications in adulthood: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Social circuits under developmental threat: Bridging rodent and human neuroscience.Developmental review : DR · 2025Article
- Sex differences in response to violence: role of salience network expansion and connectivity on depression.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effect of Neutral and Negative Images on Galvanic Skin Response: An Activity for Courses in Forensic, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience.Journal of undergraduate neuroscience education : JUNE : a publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFear learning is a core component of conceptual models of how adverse experiences may influence psychopathology. Specifically, existing theories posit that childhood experiences involving childhood trauma are associated with altered fear learning processes, while experiences involving deprivation are not. Several studies have found altered fear acquisition in youth exposed to trauma, but not deprivation, although the specific patterns have varied across studies. The present study utilizes a longitudinal sample of children with variability in adversity experiences to examine associations among childhood trauma, fear learning, and psychopathology in youth.
methodsThe sample includes 170 youths aged 10-13 years (
resultsGreater trauma-related experiences were associated with greater SCR to the threat cue (CS+) relative to the safety cue (CS-) in early fear acquisition, controlling for deprivation, age, and sex. Deprivation was unrelated to fear learning. Greater SCR to the threat cue during early acquisition was associated with increased PTSD symptoms over time controlling for baseline symptoms and mediated the relationship between trauma and prospective changes in PTSD symptoms.
conclusionsChildhood trauma is associated with altered fear learning in youth, which may be one mechanism linking exposure to violence with the emergence of PTSD symptoms in adolescence.
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