ArticleThe Journal of surgical research2024
Objective Performance Indicators During Robotic Right Colectomy Differ According to Surgeon Skill.
Article in The Journal of surgical research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between objective performance indicators and patient outcomes in robotic surgery: a systematic review.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Video-Derived Digital Operative Metrics and GEARS Scores in Robotic Surgery and Development of an Exploratory Multivariable Model.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Articulation analysis of robotic staplers in rectal surgery.Surgery today · 2026Article
- Quantifying surgical complexity: how smoothness metrics vary in robotic cholecystectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Decoding surgical proficiency and complexity: a machine learning framework for robotic herniorrhaphy.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Systematic Review of Its Role in Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Objective performance indicators provide a novel, quantitative method to evaluate surgeon proficiency in robotic lobectomy training.JTCVS open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSurgeon assessment tools are subjective and nonscalable. Objective performance indicators (OPIs), machine learning-enabled metrics recorded during robotic surgery, offer objective insights into surgeon movements and robotic arm kinematics. In this study, we identified OPIs that significantly differed across expert (EX), intermediate (IM), and novice (NV) surgeons during robotic right colectomy.
methodsEndoscopic videos were annotated to delineate 461 surgical steps across 25 robotic right colectomies. OPIs were compared among two EX, two IM, and eight NV surgeons during mesenteric dissection, vascular pedicle ligation, right colon and hepatic flexure mobilization, and preparation of the proximal and distal bowel for transection.
resultsCompared to NV's, EX's exhibited greater velocity, acceleration and jerk for camera, dominant, nondominant, and third arms across all steps. Compared to NV's, IM's exhibited more arm swaps and master clutch use, higher camera-related metrics (movement, path length, moving time, velocity, acceleration, and jerk), greater dominant wrist pitch and nondominant wrist articulations (roll, pitch, and yaw), longer dominant and nondominant arm path length, and higher velocity, acceleration and jerk for dominant, nondominant, and third arms across all steps. Compared to NV's, EX/IM surgeons utilized more arm swaps, higher camera-related metrics (movement, path length, velocity, acceleration, and jerk), longer nondominant arm path length, and greater velocity, acceleration and jerk for dominant, nondominant, and third arms across all steps.
conclusionsWe report OPIs that discriminate EX, IM, and NV surgeons during RRC. This study is the first to demonstrate feasibility of using OPIs as an objective, scalable way to classify surgeon skill during RRC steps.
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