ArticleBeyoglu eye journal2024
Orbital Metastasis from Breast Cancer: Three Cases and Brief Review of the Literature.
Article in Beyoglu eye journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Metastatic disease is a relatively rare cause of orbital tumors. While many different types of primary malignancies have been documented, lung and breast cancers are the most prevalent ones among them. Herein, three cases of orbital metastasis from breast cancer are reported. The first patient had no history of primary malignancy, and the initial presentation was orbital metastasis from advanced breast cancer. The second patient had a history of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, mastectomy, and adjuvant radiotherapy. The recurrence of the disease was diagnosed via symptomatic metastasis to orbit involving the lateral rectus muscle. The third patient had a history of mastectomy, adjuvant radiotherapy, and hormone therapy. Considering that even patients without a diagnosis of primary malignancy may present with orbital metastasis, ophthalmologists' awareness of this issue is critical.
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