Behçet's Syndrome With Multiple Bilateral Pulmonary Aneurysms Associated With Endomyocardial Fibrosis Presented With Pulmonary Emboli: A Case Report.

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a rare chronic multisystemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiopathogenesis. BS is classified as a vasculitis of variable vessel size, which can manifest in both arterial and venous blood vessels. BS commonly presents with mucocutaneous and ocular manifestations. Superficial and deep vein thrombosis is present in 50% of patients, with atypical venous thrombosis affecting the inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, hepatic veins with Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein, cerebral sinuses, and right atrium and ventricle. Arterial manifestations include in situ thrombosis, pulmonary artery aneurysms, aneurysms of the abdominal aorta, and aneurysms of visceral and peripheral arteries. This article reports a new case of BS in a 28-year-old female patient who presented with severe dyspnea and hemoptysis. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging led to the diagnosis of endomyocardial fibrosis and a large right ventricular thrombus with pulmonary embolism. Computed tomography angiography revealed multiple pulmonary aneurysms and emboli. Rare findings such as endomyocardial fibrosis and Budd-Chiari syndrome were noted. This case highlights the role of medical imaging modalities in diagnosing rare syndromes such as BS, as demonstrated in the current case.