Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39238064›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2024

A national study of firearm exposure and safety training among rural youth.

Jamie L Koopman, Benjamin M Linden, Megan R Sinik, Kristel M Wetjen, Pam J Hoogerwerf, Junlin Liao, Charles A Jennissen

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jamie L Koopman *Department of Emergency Medicine, Franciscan Health-Olympia Fields, 20201 Crawford Ave, Olympia Fields, Illinois, 60461, USA.
Benjamin M Linden *Department of General Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, 500 SE Harvard St, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Megan R Sinik *Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School - Harvard University, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02415, USA.
Kristel M Wetjen *Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children's Hospital, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Pam J Hoogerwerf *Injury Prevention and Community Outreach Program, University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children's Hospital, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Junlin Liao *Department of Surgery, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Charles A Jennissen *Department of Emergency Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. charles-jennissen@uiowa.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2484-1213

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundData regarding rural youths' experience with firearms, including safety training, is highly limited despite their frequent presence in homes. Our objective was to investigate rural adolescents' use of firearms and whether they had received formal firearm training.

methodsA convenience sample of 2021 National FFA (formerly Future Farmers of America) Convention & Expo attendees were given an anonymous survey at the University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital injury prevention booth. The survey explored their use of rifles/shotguns and handguns and whether they had completed a certified firearm safety course. Descriptive and comparative analyses, including multivariable logistic regression analyses, were performed on compiled data.

results3206 adolescents ages 13-18 years participated with 45% reporting they lived on a farm or ranch. The vast majority of participants (85%) had fired a rifle/shotgun; 43% reported firing them > 100 times. Of those that had fired rifles/shotguns, 41% had done so before 9 years old. Most had also fired a handgun (69%), with 23% having fired handguns > 100 times. Of those that had fired handguns, 44% had done so before 11 years. Average age for first firing rifles/shotguns was 9.5 (SD 3.1) years, and 11.1 (SD 3.0) years for handguns. Males, non-Hispanic Whites, and those living on farms or in the country had significantly greater percentages who had fired a rifle/shotgun or a handgun. Significant differences were also seen by U.S. census region. Over half (64%) reported having gone hunting. Of those that had used a firearm, 67% had completed a firearm safety training course. Overall, 23% were/had been members of a school or club shooting team and of these, 87% had taken a safety course.

conclusionsMost FFA member participants had fired both rifles/shotguns and handguns, many at very young ages. Significant differences in firearm use were noted by demographic factors including the home setting (i.e., farms and ranches) and their U.S. census region. Nearly one-third of adolescent firearm users had not received formal safety training. Promoting firearm safety should include advising families on when it is developmentally appropriate to introduce youth to firearms and on the importance of firearm safety training.

Indexed as

AdolescentFarmsFirearmHandgunHuntingRifleRuralShootingShotgunTrainingYouth

Identifiers

PMID39238064
PMCPMC11378362

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.