ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2024
Hepatic immune regulation and sex disparities.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sarcopenia and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Liver Cirrhosis: Clinical Perspectives of Myostatin Inhibition.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Hepatic metabolic adaptation to endurance exercise: temporal and sex differences by multiomics integration and validation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Sexual dimorphism in the liver.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Metabolism in the Progression From Chronic Liver Disease to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: epidemiology, risk stratification and therapeutics.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Review
- The gut-liver axis in drug-induced liver injury (DILI): Interplay between gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and immune system.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Providing holistic care for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Key aspects of clinical assessment and how to develop individualised care plans for surveillance and interventions.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Use of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Histopathology for Evaluation of Sex-Specific Progression and Regression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Related to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of prenatal transportation stress on liver gene expression in male and female Brahman calves.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Burden of infectious diseases in children during the first year after solid organ transplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Article
- Noninvasive prediction of operational tolerance in liver transplantation based on a peripheral blood transcriptional biomarker panel.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid 3-O-Sulfate (GCDCA-S) as Endogenous Biomarker of OATP1B3 and OAT3 Transporters.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex-specific differences in preclinical models of advanced chronic liver disease and portal hypertension.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis of aging-associated inflammatory signature in mouse liver.Inflammation and regeneration · 2025Article
- Sex-specific differences in toxicology: does the sex make the poison?Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Strain- and sex-dependent variability in hepatic microcirculation and liver function in mice.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- ESRP2-microRNA-122 axis promotes the postnatal onset of liver polyploidization and maturation.Genes & development · 2025Article
- Machine learning integrates region-specific microbial signatures to distinguish geographically adjacent populations within a province.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiology, clinical phenotype and response to therapies for gastrointestinal and liver diseases are commonly different between women and men due to sex-specific hormonal, genetic and immune-related factors. The hepatic immune system has unique regulatory functions that promote the induction of intrahepatic tolerance, which is key for maintaining liver health and homeostasis. In liver diseases, hepatic immune alterations are increasingly recognized as a main cofactor responsible for the development and progression of chronic liver injury and fibrosis. In this Review, we discuss the basic mechanisms of sex disparity in hepatic immune regulation and how these mechanisms influence and modify the development of autoimmune liver diseases, genetic liver diseases, portal hypertension and inflammation in chronic liver disease. Alterations in gut microbiota and their crosstalk with the hepatic immune system might affect the progression of liver disease in a sex-specific manner, creating potential opportunities for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to be evaluated in clinical trials. Finally, we identify and propose areas for future basic, translational and clinical research that will advance our understanding of sex disparities in hepatic immunity and liver disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.