ArticleAJOG global reports2024
Analysis of episiotomy incidence and risk factors in vaginal deliveries: a single-center.
Article in AJOG global reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of Episiotomy Practice and Associated Factors in Brazil: A Systematic Review.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of manual perineal protection and pushing techniques used in the second stage of labor on perineal outcomes: a randomized controlled trial of combinations of strategies.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Trial
- Complications After Childbirth-Related Perineal Trauma up to Six-Weeks Postpartum: A Prospective Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Assessing the quality of life of postpartum mothers with episiotomy in the first six post-partum weeks: a descriptive cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Episiotomy is a surgical procedure involving the enlargement of the posterior vagina to facilitate the delivery of the baby. This study aims to further investigate the associated risk factors for episiotomy and the specific indications for its use in spontaneous labor. Methodology: This institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 349 vaginal births with a ratio of 1:4 from January 2020 to December 2020. We recruited study participants using consecutive sampling techniques. The sample size was calculated with a hypothesis test for two population proportions (one-sided test formula). Adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval was used to declare the significance of variables. Results: In our multivariate analysis, it was found that pregnant women who underwent instrumental delivery ( Conclusion: The prevalence of episiotomy practice in this study exceeds the recommended threshold set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Instrumental delivery, high birth weight, and prolonged second-stage labor emerged as significant factors influencing episiotomy practice. Hence, further interventions are warranted to mitigate the prevalence of episiotomy practice.
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Registered trials
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