ArticleBMC public health2024
Gender differences in cost-related unmet healthcare needs: a national study in Turkiye.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nearly two years after the earthquake: the prevalence and determinants of health service delay behavior among earthquake victims living in temporary accommodation centers in Türkiye.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Psychosocial and health-related determinants of self-reported unmet healthcare needs in Türkiye: evidence from a nation-wide survey.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of unmet healthcare needs in Chinese residents: evidence from the China family panel studies, 2012-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Mental Health and Mental Health Care in Iran: Addressing Social Inequalities.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Global Variation in Out-of-Pocket Payments for Cancer Surgery.World journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Demand analysis of transitional care for patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac interventions with AI-driven solutions: a mixed-methods approach.BMC nursing · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundUnmet healthcare needs are a complex and multifaceted issue, influenced by individual, socioeconomic, and healthcare system factors. This study aimed to investigate the determinants influencing cost-related unmet healthcare needs within the Turkish population, emphasizing a comprehensive analysis of gender disparities in accessing healthcare services.
methodsThis secondary analysis scrutinizes the 2019 Turkiye Health Survey data of 16,976 individuals aged 15 and older. The dependent variables included cost-related unmet medical, dental, and prescribed medication, and mental services. The independent variables were considered under a three-domain approach for the determination of health service utilization, developed by Andersen. Logistic regression models with predisposing, enabling, and need factors were run for any self-perceived cost-related unmet need for each sex and overall population. Another six regression models for both sexes were run for each subgroup of indivuals with unmet healthcare needs.
resultsThe study revealed that 15.4% of individuals cannot access healthcare due to financial constraints, with 16.8% for women and 13.5% for men. The highest level of unmet needs is associated with accessing dental care services for both sexes. According to multivariate analyses, the unmet need for both sexes decreases with older age and higher education level, and it is greater for those who have difficulties communicating in Turkish. By adding enabling and needs factors, the odds ratios of education decreased for men, while education became nonsignificant for women. Having chronic disease impacts unmet needs for both sexes. However, the inability to perform daily activities due to health problems was not a significant factor for men. Poorer household income increases overall unmet needs. Education is a determinant of both medical and mental care needs.
conclusionsThis pioneering study illuminates the multifaceted gender disparities in cost-related unmet healthcare needs across Turkiye, reflecting the intertwined issues of access influenced by a complex interplay of factors. Our findings underscore the significance of adopting an intersectional approach to address health inequalities.
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