ArticleThe oncologist2025
Radiotherapy with targeted and immunotherapy improved overall survival and progression-free survival for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis.
Article in The oncologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Locoregional therapy combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- CS2164 combined with radiation suppressed tumor growth via γ-H2AX persistence and ROS accumulation.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Review
- Survival outcomes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with classification I-IV portal vein tumor thrombus: a propensity score matching study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy versus immunotherapy plus targeted therapy alone in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Outcomes with radiotherapy in multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis.BJR open · 2025Article
- Liver Resection versus Targeted Therapy Plus PD-1 Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Type I-II Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Comparative Study.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is still unclear. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of RT combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy in HCC with PVTT. MATERIALS AND
methodsSeventy-two patients with HCC with PVTT treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor with or without RT from December 2019 to December 2023 were included. After propensity score matching (PSM) for adjusting baseline differences, 32 pairs were identified in RT + TKI + PD-1 group (n = 32) and TKI + PD-1 group (n = 32). Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).
resultsMedian OS (mOS) in RT + TKI + PD-1 group was significantly longer than TKI + PD-1 group (15.6 vs. 8.2 months, P = .008). Median PFS (mPFS) in RT + TKI + PD-1 group was dramatically longer than TKI + PD-1 group (8.1 vs. 5.2 months, P = .011). Patients in TKI + PD-1 + RT group showed favorable ORR and DCR compared with TKI + PD-1 group (78.1% vs. 56.3%, P = .055; 93.8% vs. 81.3%, P = .128). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a remarkable OS and PFS benefit with TKI + PD-1 + RT for patients with main PVTT (type III/IV) and those of Child-Pugh class A. Multivariate analysis confirmed RT + TKI + PD-1 as an independent prognostic factor for longer OS (HR 0.391, P = .024) and longer PFS (HR 0.487, P = .013), with no mortality or severe TRAEs.
conclusionRT combined with TKI and PD-1 inhibitor could significantly improve mOS and mPFS without inducing severe TRAEs or mortality.
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