Trial reportJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025
Racial Differences in Nicotine Reduction: Pooled Results from Two Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials.
Trial report in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of very low nicotine cigarettes: Outcomes across social and demographic groups.Preventive medicine · 2025Trial
- Perceptions and Interest in Lung Cancer Screening by Smoking Status: A Cross-Sectional Study of HINTS 6 (2022).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTobacco regulatory policies are generally intended to apply to all segments of the population and to be equitable. Results from clinical trials on switching from commercial cigarettes to reduced nicotine cigarettes have included black populations but race-specific findings are not widely reported.
methodsData were pooled from two parallel randomized controlled trials of gradually reduced nicotine in cigarettes from 11.6 mg per cigarette down to 0.2 mg nicotine (very low nicotine content; VLNC) vs. usual nicotine content (UNC) cigarettes (11.6 mg) over an 18-week period in smokers with low socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health conditions, respectively. We used linear regression to determine the potential effects of cigarettes and biomarker reductions (blood cotinine and exhaled carbon monoxide) when using VLNC study cigarettes. An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included all randomized participants regardless of adherence to the protocol. A secondary compliance analysis compared control subjects (11.6 mg cigarettes) only to those switched to low nicotine cigarettes who were biochemically determined to be compliant to exclusively using VLNC cigarettes.
resultsBoth Black and White VLNC smokers had significantly lower plasma cotinine and exhaled carbon monoxide compared to those randomized to UNC cigarettes. The treatment × race interaction term was not significant for the outcome measures in both the ITT and secondary compliance analyses, except for cotinine in the ITT analysis (Whites: - 190 ng/mL vs. Blacks: - 118 ng/mL; p = 0.05).
conclusionsA reduced nicotine regulation for cigarettes would result in substantial reduction in exposure to nicotine and toxicants in Black and White smokers.
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