ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2024
Sex Differences in Hypertension and Its Management Throughout Life.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex difference in the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetic Variability of Amlodipine Serum Concentration and Effect on Blood Pressure in Patients Treated for Hypertension.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Trial
- Sex Differences and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Long-Term Persistence and Treatment Changes of Antihypertensive Therapy: A 5-Year Cohort Study.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Hypertension Incidence and Blood Pressure Control in Hispanic or Latino Adults in the HCHS/SOL Study.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Sex differences in blood pressure and hypertension through adulthood.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Review
- A sex-specific perspective on coronary microvascular dysfunction in HFpEF: from vascular to myocardial disease.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Global disparities in realized stroke prevention attributable to antihypertensive treatment: a population-level analysis of 198 countries, 1990-2019.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Beyond medication: factors contributing to uncontrolled hypertension from the 2023 Indonesian health survey.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Temporal trends and forecasted mortality involving lung cancer with co-listed hypertension in U.S. adults, 2000-2035.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular disease in women: traditional and sex-specific risk factors.European heart journal · 2026Review
- Neighborhood Disinvestment and Racial Disparities in Early Hypertension Onset Among Women.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Article
- Cardiovascular Disease and Fracture Risk in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Matched Case-Control Study.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Hypertension Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Management for Post-9/11 US Veterans.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Unmasking the contemporary burden of hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria: insights from an opportunistic screening.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Rising Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease Mortality Among Young Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2024.The American journal of cardiology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Atherosclerosis and its Clinical Complications.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Menopause Hormone Therapy in Women With Cardiovascular Risk Factors or Established Ischemic Heart Disease: A Joint FIGO and WHF Position Paper.Global heart · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension may differ by age and sex.
methodsWe included participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study at seven study visits over 33 years (visit 1: 15 636 participants; mean age, 54 years; 55% women), estimating sex differences in prevalence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg; or self-reported antihypertension medication use) and uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) using unadjusted and comorbidity-adjusted models.
resultsThe prevalence of hypertension increased with age from 40% (ages, 43-46 years) to 93% (ages, 91-94 years). Within hypertensive individuals, the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was higher in men (33%) than women (23%) at ages 43 to 46 years but became higher in women than men starting at ages 61 to 64, with 56% of women and 40% men having uncontrolled hypertension at ages 91 to 94. This sex difference was not explained by differences in coronary heart disease, diabetes, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, number of antihypertension medications, classes of medications, or adherence to medications. In both sexes, uncontrolled hypertension was associated with a higher risk for chronic kidney disease progression (hazard ratio, 1.5 [1.2-1.9];
conclusionsSex differences in the prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension vary by age, with the latter having implications for health throughout the life course.
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