Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39227594›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Androgen receptor monomers and dimers regulate opposing biological processes in prostate cancer cells.

Rachid Safi, Suzanne E Wardell, Paige Watkinson, Xiaodi Qin, Marissa Lee, Sunghee Park, Taylor Krebs, Emma L Dolan, Adam Blattler, Toshiya Tsuji and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Discovery of BMS-986365, a First-in-Class Dual Androgen Receptor Ligand-Directed Degrader and Antagonist, for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
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  18. Review
  19. Protein disulfide isomerases regulate androgen receptor stability and promote prostate cancer cell growth and survival.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Rachid SafiDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Suzanne E WardellDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5792-1447
Paige WatkinsonDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Xiaodi QinDuke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7066-8151
Marissa LeeDuke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Sunghee ParkDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Taylor KrebsDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Emma L DolanDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Adam BlattlerOncogenesis Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.
Toshiya TsujiOncogenesis Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.
Surendra NayakOncogenesis Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.
Marwa KhaterInformatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-5482-8711
Celia FontanilloInformatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.
Madeline A NewlinDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Megan L KirklandDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Yingtian XieDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Henry LongDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6849-6629
Emma C FinkDepartment of Cancer Biology, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8506-0995
Sean W FanningDepartment of Cancer Biology, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9428-0060
Scott RunyonRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Myles BrownDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8213-1658
Shuichan XuOncogenesis Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA.
Kouros OwzarDuke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
John D NorrisDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Donald P McDonnellDepartment of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. Donald.McDonnell@duke.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7331-4700

Funding

Women's Cancer Research ProgramP30CA014236 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Laura Fish · 1985 to 2026
$174.8M
Elucidation of the mechanisms by which cells recognize and respond to different levels of androgensR01CA271168 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Donald P McDonnell · 2022 to 2026
$3.0M
Molecular Determinants of Androgen Receptor PharmacologyR01CA139818 · NCI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI MCDONNELL, DONALD P · 2009 to 2013
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014236NCI NIH HHS R01 CA139818NCI NIH HHS R01 CA271168U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) 1R01-CA271168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most prostate cancers express the androgen receptor (AR), and tumor growth and progression are facilitated by exceptionally low levels of systemic or intratumorally produced androgens. Thus, absolute inhibition of the androgen signaling axis remains the goal of current therapeutic approaches to treat prostate cancer (PCa). Paradoxically, high dose androgens also exhibit considerable efficacy as a treatment modality in patients with late-stage metastatic PCa. Here we show that low levels of androgens, functioning through an AR monomer, facilitate a non-genomic activation of the mTOR signaling pathway to drive proliferation. Conversely, high dose androgens facilitate the formation of AR dimers/oligomers to suppress c-MYC expression, inhibit proliferation and drive a transcriptional program associated with a differentiated phenotype. These findings highlight the inherent liabilities in current approaches used to inhibit AR action in PCa and are instructive as to strategies that can be used to develop new therapeutics for this disease and other androgenopathies.

Indexed as

AndrogensCell ProliferationProstatic NeoplasmsReceptors, AndrogenSignal TransductionTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesAnimalsCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleProtein MultimerizationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycAndrogensAR protein, humanMTOR protein, humanMYC protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycReceptors, AndrogenTOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID39227594
PMCPMC11371910

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.