ArticleUrogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2025
Incidence of Dementia Among Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Urinary Incontinence.
Article in Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
importanceDementia and urinary incontinence (UI) have been associated in cross-sectional studies. The temporal relationship between these 2 conditions is not well understood.
objectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the risk of incident dementia in female adults with and without UI using the Medicare 5% Limited Data Set. STUDY
designThis retrospective cohort study matched females with UI to continent controls by index year, age, and dual Medicare/Medicaid eligibility. A 2-year look back period was used to exclude prevalent dementia and neurologic disorders. The 5-year cumulative incidence of dementia was estimated for women with UI and controls. Cox proportional hazard models assessed the association of variables with dementia, adjusting for age, dual Medicare/Medicaid eligibility, race, and comorbidities.
resultsA total of 8,651 female beneficiaries with UI (n = 8,651) were more likely than matched controls (n = 8,651) to report White race and several medical comorbidities. The 5-year cumulative incidence of dementia diagnosis was lower in the UI versus controls (8.8% vs 10.6%, P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis with adjustment for covariates, UI diagnosis was associated with a lower hazard of dementia diagnosis (hazard ratio 0.82 [0.74, 0.91], P < 0.001).
conclusionsAmong female Medicare beneficiaries without baseline neurologic disorders, having any UI diagnosis was associated with a lower risk of dementia diagnosis. Further studies assessing UI symptoms and dementia diagnosis with rigorous and valid assessment tools are needed to confirm this finding.
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