ArticleNature communications2024
Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Circulation of avian influenza viruses in migratory birds in Europe and in Africa: a systematic review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of laboratory investigations into the pathogenesis of avian influenza viruses in wild avifauna of North America.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Investigating high pathogenicity avian influenza virus incursions to remote islands: detection of H5N1 on Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Counting cases, conserving species: addressing highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Genomic detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in Antarctic seabirds reveals connectivity with South American viral lineages.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Avian influenza overview June-August 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Multiple introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into the High Arctic: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 2022-2025.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Skuas as sentinels of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 on the Antarctic Peninsula in the 2024/2025 austral summer.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Evolving dynamics of H5Nx avian influenza in China revealed by long-term wild bird surveillance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Avian influenza overview March-May 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Novel avian papillomaviruses identified in a south polar skua sampled on Ross Island, Antarctica.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Seabirds' mortalities in Antarctica caused by HPAIV: skuas as a sentinel species.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- An overview of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and its emerging threat in mainland Australia: Identified knowledge gaps.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- The Antarctic Treaty System needs a disaster management authority to guard the continent against disasters.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Mammary and respiratory infection of sheep with H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b viruses with milk-mediated transmission to lambs.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genomic analysis of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from Antarctica reveals multiple introductions from South America.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Dispersal, adaptation and persistence of H5N1 in the sub-Antarctic and Antarctica.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Increased contact transmission of contemporary Human H5N1 compared to Bovine and Mountain Lion H5N1 in a hamster model.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Uncovering Hidden Predators: Thermal Drone Detection of Antarctic Fur Seals in Tussac Grass at South Georgia.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Until recent events, the Antarctic was the only major geographical region in which high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) had never previously been detected. Here we report on the detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions of South Georgia and the Falkland Islands, respectively. We initially detected H5N1 HPAIV in samples collected from brown skuas at Bird Island, South Georgia on 8th October 2023. Since this detection, mortalities were observed in several avian and mammalian species at multiple sites across South Georgia. Subsequent testing confirmed H5N1 HPAIV across several sampling locations in multiple avian species and two seal species. Simultaneously, we also confirmed H5N1 HPAIV in southern fulmar and black-browed albatross in the Falkland Islands. Genetic assessment of the virus indicates spread from South America, likely through movement of migratory birds. Critically, genetic assessment of sequences from mammalian species demonstrates no increased risk to human populations above that observed in other instances of mammalian infections globally. Here we describe the detection, species impact and genetic composition of the virus and propose both introductory routes and potential long-term impact on avian and mammalian species across the Antarctic region. We also speculate on the threat to specific populations following recent reports in the area.
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