ReviewTrends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM2025
The direct targets of metformin in diabetes and beyond.
Review in Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese classic prescriptions combined with metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring multifaceted roles of metformin in therapeutic applications, mechanistic insights, and innovations in drug delivery systems across biological contexts: a systematic review.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of diabetes kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Photo-crosslinkable hydrogel with programmable dual time-phase drug release for accelerated healing of infected diabetic wounds.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Targeting UXS1-Dependent Glucuronate Detoxification Potentiates Metformin's Anti-Tumor Efficacy in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Identification and evaluation of a lipid-lowering small compound as a PCSK9 inhibitor.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- A Novel Series of Flavone-Cinnamic Acid Hybrid Derivatives as Hypoglycemic Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Activity Studies.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Demystifying Nutritional Consequences of Pharmacological Weight Loss and Performance Enhancement-A Critical Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Metformin as a Metabolic Reprogramming Interface in Host-Pathogen and Bone Microenvironment Crosstalk: A Dual-Target Strategy Against Antimicrobial Resistance and Osteoporotic Bone Loss.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metformin sensitizes endometriosis to medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment through MIG-6 mediated signaling.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- New multitarget antidiabetic potential agents based on sulfaguanidine: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Orphan GPCRs in diabetes mellitus: metabolic control, inflammation, and drug development.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Neg-entropy is the true drug target for chronic diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Current Situation on Diabetes Management: New Weapons Fighting the Disease in 2025.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- Innovative Biosensor Platforms for the Detection of Metformin in Diabetes Management.International journal of analytical chemistry · 2026Review
- Metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I in intestinal epithelium to promote glycemic control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Metformin and Adipose Tissue: A Multifaceted Regulator in Metabolism, Inflammation, and Regeneration.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Review
- Developing a novel aging assessment model to uncover heterogeneity in organ aging and screening of aging-related drugs.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Mechanism and Therapeutic Progress of One-Carbon Metabolic Key Enzyme: Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2 in Cancer.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Review
- Revolutionary drug repositioning: the preventive and therapeutic potential of metformin and other antidiabetic drugs in age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metformin, an oral antihyperglycemic drug that has been in use for over 60 years, remains a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Numerous studies have suggested that metformin promotes health benefits beyond T2D management, including weight loss, cancer prevention and treatment, and anti-aging, through several proposed mechanistic targets. Here we discuss the established effects of metformin and the progress made in identifying its direct targets. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of elucidating the structural bases of the drug and its direct targets. Ultimately, this review aims to highlight the current state of knowledge regarding metformin and its related emerging discoveries, while also outlining critical future research directions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.