ArticleHealth economics review2024
Assessing the economic burden of vision loss and irreversible legal blindness in Spain (2021-2030): a societal perspective.
Article in Health economics review, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Global and Regional Burden of Refraction Disorders In Children, Adolescents and Young Adults from 1990 to 2021: Trends, Inequalities and Future Predictions with Machine Learning.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Direct and indirect costs associated with declining distance visual acuity: A nationwide longitudinal cost-of-illness study with 11-year follow-up.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Observational
- Economic burden of blindness and moderate to severe vision impairment in Slovenia.Health economics review · 2026Article
- Experiences and Perceptions of Interprofessional Collaboration Among Spanish Optometrists and Occupational Therapists: A Cross-Sectional Study.Occupational therapy international · 2026Article
- BRIDGE: a multi-stakeholder workstream focused on assessing new clinical endpoints in ophthalmology clinical trials [Building Research Innovations and Developing Global Endpoints].Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Intraocular injectable hydrogels for the delivery of cells and nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Clinical effectiveness of scleral taping combined with perfluoropropane for complex retinal detachment.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Estimating the costs and quality of life impact of vision loss in the population aged 50-80 years in Malta: evidence from The Malta Eye Study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The relationship between long noncoding RNAInternational journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the economic impact for the society, generated as a consequence of the onset of loss of vision and irreversible legal blindness, for the main ophthalmologic diseases in Spain: glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic macular edema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and high myopia (HM).
methodsA cost analysis model was developed to estimate the economic burden of glaucoma, DR, DME, AMD and HM over a 10-year time horizon (2021-2030), from a societal perspective in Spain. The epidemiological and economic parameters used in the model were obtained through a literature review. Prevalence, incidence, and progression stages were used to establish the epidemiological flows. Annual costs per patient from publications were included and classified into direct healthcare, direct non-healthcare and indirect costs. Costs from other countries were converted based on purchasing-power-parity (€EUR, PPP). Epidemiological parameters about population and cost results were validated by a panel of experts. All costs were adjusted to euros, 2021 (€, 2021), and using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the last 10 years, extrapolated to 2030 euros (€, 2030).
resultsIt was estimated that the total population of patients with the main diseases pathologies (glaucoma, DR, DME, AMD and HM) will increase to 7.99 million patients by 2030, representing an increase of 103%. The total cost by 2030 of all pathologies would amount to 99.8 billion euros. Direct non-healthcare costs account for the largest item (44%), followed by loss of productivity costs (38%), and direct healthcare costs (18%). The pathologies with the highest cumulative costs will be glaucoma (€33.6 billion) and DME (€19.8 billion).The greatest increment costs compared to 2021 will likely be generated by pathologies related to diabetes mellitus, such as DR (703%) and DME (317%).
conclusionsKnowing the costs associated with the pathologies that generate loss of vision and irreversible legal blindness is essential to understand the socioeconomic impact associated with these pathologies. Furthermore, the high cost of treating these diseases makes necessary to coordinate efforts between administrations, together with the support of patient associations, to meet their needs.
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