Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39225338›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2025

Incidence Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer in Young Adults: A Nationwide Time-Trend Analysis Using 2001-2019 US Cancer Statistics Databases.

Jeff Liang, Ryan Rastegar, Mohamad El Helou, Kushagra Mathur, Brent K Larson, Kevin Waters, Anila Vasireddy, Navikran Randhawa, Muhammad Mubarak, Rashmi Advani and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Jeff LiangCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Ryan RastegarUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Mohamad El HelouMichigan State University, Southfield, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3576-9066
Kushagra MathurCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Brent K LarsonCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Kevin WatersCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2140-3514
Anila VasireddyCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7348-4013
Navikran RandhawaAugusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
Muhammad MubarakCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5329-4442
Rashmi AdvaniMt. Sinai Soth Nassau Center for Digestive Health, Bellmore, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2716-5131
Arsen OsipovAugusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
Jun GongAugusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8713-1406
Andrew HendifarAugusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
Quin LiuCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3880-8027
Kenneth H ParkCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5019-4339
Rabindra WatsonCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1429-7381
Stephen J PandolCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0818-6017
Simon LoCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Srinivas GaddamCedars-Sinai Health Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, and Prevention of Pancreatogenic Diabetes - Administrative SupplementU01DK108314 · NIDDK · CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER · PI Mark Goodarzi, Stephen J. Pandol · 2015 to 2026
$6.1M
NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK108314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionUpper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers, comprising malignancies of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder, are the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States and are associated with significant comorbidities. Recent studies show a disproportionate rise in pancreatic and stomach cancer among young adults. This study aims to use a nationwide, population-based cohort to (i) evaluate the trend of all UGI cancer as an aggregate and (ii) examine the role of demographics, histology, and tumor stage in UGI cancer incidence among young adults.

methodsIndividuals diagnosed with UGI cancer in the United States from 2001 to 2019 were identified and obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-National Program of Cancer Registries database. The primary outcomes were incidence rates of UGI cancer (calculated per 100,000, age-adjusted to the year 2000 US population), stratified by sex and age (< 55 years for young adults and ≥ 55 years for older adults). Trends, annual percentage change, and average annual percentage change were calculated using the parametric method. Sensitivity analysis was performed according to primary site and histology; further analysis examining race and cancer stage was performed in the young adult subgroup.

resultsA total of 2,333,161 patients with UGI cancer were identified. Most cases were male, and 14.3% were < 55 years of age. Incidence of UGI cancer increased most in women younger than 55 years, driven primarily by pancreatic and stomach cancers, as well as neuroendocrine tumor and gastrointestinal stromal tumor histology. African American race and localized tumors and malignancy with distant spread are also contributing to the disparate increase among young women. UGI mortality rates have not changed significantly in young adults. DISCUSSION: The overall incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer is increasing significantly in young women compared with men. Increased endoscopic procedures and disparate exposure to risk factors are likely contributing to these trends.

Indexed as

Esophageal NeoplasmsStomach NeoplasmsAdultDatabases, FactualDuodenal NeoplasmsFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPattern Analysis, MachineSEER ProgramUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39225338
PMCPMC13134371

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.