ArticleDigital health
Exploring online and offline social experiences and interaction patterns of young adults with psychosis with the social media and internet social engagement questionnaire: Analyses and future directions.
Article in Digital health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social withdrawal and hippocampal volume among adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons: The moderating role of neighborhood residential stability.Schizophrenia research · 2026Article
- The Relationship between Social Media and Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: Social interactions and experiences are increasingly occurring online, including for young adults with psychosis. Healthy social interactions and experiences are widely recognized as a critical component of social recovery, yet research thus far has focused predominantly on offline interactions with limited understanding of these interactions online. We developed the Social Media and Internet sociaL Engagement (SMILE) questionnaire to assess the type, frequency, and nature of online social interactions and experiences among young adults with early psychosis to better assess online social activity and ultimately support personalized interventions. Methods: Participants ( Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors: positive engagement, victimization, and internalizing experiences. Most participants (6%-37%) experienced positive engagement offline. Victimization occurred equally online and offline (8%-27% and 4%-24%, respectively). Most participants (37%-51%) endorsed internalizing experiences as occurring equally offline and online, but approximately a third of participants reported internalizing experiences more frequently offline (20%-35%). Victimization was moderately Conclusion: Young adults with early psychosis experience positive and negative social experiences online and offline. New scales and measures to comprehensively assess the nature and function of online social interactions and experiences are needed.
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