Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39224498›Full record

ArticleGMS hygiene and infection control2024

Alcohol-based hand rubs can fulfil efficacy requirements of EN 1500 in 15 seconds.

Erika Mönch, Astrid Bolten, Heide Niesalla, Christoph Senges

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in GMS hygiene and infection control, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Erika MönchBODE Chemie GmbH, a company of the HARTMANN GROUP, Hamburg, Germany.
Astrid BoltenBODE Chemie GmbH, a company of the HARTMANN GROUP, Hamburg, Germany.
Heide NiesallaHARTMANN SCIENCE CENTER, BODE Chemie GmbH, a company of the HARTMANN GROUP, Hamburg, Germany.
Christoph SengesHARTMANN SCIENCE CENTER, BODE Chemie GmbH, a company of the HARTMANN GROUP, Hamburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: Correct hand hygiene is widely regarded as an important measure to prevent healthcare-associated infections. Guidelines on how to perform hand antisepsis are often inspired by laboratory tests that focus on reproducibility rather than ease of use. These cumbersome recommendations can become barriers to hand hygiene, as optimal user acceptance requires a small rub volume and a short application time with an intuitive rubbing technique. Here we modified the EN 1500 to test the efficacy of hand rubs under more user-friendly conditions, using a highly intuitive rubbing technique in 15 seconds. Methods: The efficacy of an ethanolic and a propanolic hand rub in inactivating Results: Both hand rubs, ethanolic and propanolic, were non-inferior to an unmodified EN 1500 reference for both application methods, 3 mL with "responsible application" and 5 mL with the WHO 6-step method. Conclusion: Reducing the complexity of hand rub application can have a positive impact on hand hygiene adherence. With our results showing that antimicrobial efficacy comparable to an unmodified EN 1500 can be achieved in 15 seconds using an intuitive rubbing technique, further barriers to more user-friendly hand rub application have been removed.

Indexed as

alcohol-based hand rubsefficacy requirementsEN 1500hand antisepticshand hygiene

Identifiers

PMID39224498
PMCPMC11367557

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.