Retroperitoneal leiomyomas with intratumoral bleeding: Presentation with multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome - A case report.

Background: Retroperitoneal leiomyomas are rare benign smooth muscle tumours. Diagnosing these tumours is often challenging due to their unique growth site and nonspecific clinical manifestations. There are a few reports of leiomyomas with intratumoral bleeding. Case presentation: A patient with a giant retroperitoneal leiomyoma presented with multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome accompanied by a progressive decrease in haemoglobin. Computed tomography (CT) revealed two cystic tumours in the abdominal cavity. The patient was underwent transabdominal retroperitoneal tumour resection. During surgery, we found two retroperitoneal tumours-one contained approximately 9000 mL of dark red fluid and the other contained 1000 mL of light brown fluid. She has recovered well without any complications. Conclusions: There have been only a few reports of retroperitoneal leiomyomas with intratumoral bleeding. This case highlights the importance of recognizing intratumoral haemorrhage in patients with large leiomyomas and a progressive decrease in haemoglobin after ruling out external haemorrhage. If necessary, dynamic monitoring via CT may help clarify the diagnosis.