ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2024
Comparative effects of time-restricted feeding versus normal diet on physical performance and body composition in healthy adults with regular exercise habits: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Additional Effect of Exercise to Intermittent Fasting on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Overweight/obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current obesity reports · 2025Pooled it
- Flexible time-restricted eating combined with exercise in a free-living setting for middle-aged women with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Article
- From mouth to muscle: mechanistic and interventional perspectives on the tongue-coating microbiome in sarcopenia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The effects of time-restricted feeding on early phases of carcinogenesis in rat liver and colon.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Exercise and dietary recommendations to preserve musculoskeletal health during weight loss in adults with obesity: A practical guide.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Time-restricted feeding (TRF), a form of intermittent fasting, limits daily caloric intake to a 6-12 hour window and has been shown to effectively promote weight loss and improve overall health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of TRF versus normal diet (ND) on physical performance and body composition in healthy adults with regular exercise habits. Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) electronic databases were searched for relevant records. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the duration of intervention and type of exercise. Physical performance was analysed using standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs, whereas body composition parameters were analysed using mean differences (MDs) and 95% CIs. The quality of the included studies was examined using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool version 2. Results: 15 randomised controlled trials with 361 participants were included in the systematic review. In comparison with the ND group, TRF significantly decreased body weight (MD=-1.76 kg, 95% CI -3.40 to -0.13, p=0.03, I Conclusion: TRF may be a valuable nutritional strategy to optimise body composition and maintain physical performance in healthy adults engaged in regular exercise. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022310140.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.