Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39223532›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2024

Burden in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and stroke in Japan: comparative analysis of quality of life, work productivity, and qualitative caregiving burden.

Yoshitsugu Kojima, Sakiko Yamada, Kunitoshi Kamijima, Kentaro Kogushi, Shunya Ikeda

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The global cost of schizophrenia: a health economic modelling study.International journal of mental health systems · 2026
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  2. Article
  3. Attitudes of final-year medical students towards psychiatry as a specialisation at a university in South Africa.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yoshitsugu KojimaMedical Affairs, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shinagawa Grand Central Tower, 2-16-4 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8242, Japan. kojimayo@otsuka.jp.
Sakiko YamadaMedical Affairs, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shinagawa Grand Central Tower, 2-16-4 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8242, Japan. yamadasa@otsuka.jp.
Kunitoshi KamijimaShowa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Kentaro KogushiMedical Affairs, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shinagawa Grand Central Tower, 2-16-4 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8242, Japan.
Shunya IkedaDepartment of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe main objective of this study was to examine the burden of schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's disease/dementia, and stroke on caregivers and non-caregivers in Japan. This study also aimed to provide a comparative landscape on the burden of caregiving for each disorder.

methodsThe Japan National Health and Wellness Survey database, 2016 and 2018 was used in this study. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and health care utilization were assessed using a self-administered, Internet-based questionnaire. The burden of caregiving experienced by each group of caregivers was compared with background-matched non-caregivers (controls) as well as with caregivers of patients with each disorder.

resultsCaregivers of patients with schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's disease/dementia, or stroke had lower HRQoL, higher healthcare costs and work productivity impairment than non-caregivers. Furthermore, caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression had lower HRQoL and work productivity than caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease/dementia and stroke. In addition, according to the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA), caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and depression were more inclined to perceive a loss in physical strength and financial burden to the same extent as their self-esteem.

conclusionsThis study indicated a substantial caregiving burden among caregivers of patients with psychiatric and neurological diseases in Japan. The caregiver burden of psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia and depression) was greater than that of neurological disorders (Alzheimer's disease/dementia and stroke), suggesting a need to provide support to caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders to be better able to care for their patients.

trial registrationNone.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaQuality of LifeSchizophreniaStrokeAdultAgedAlzheimer DiseaseCaregiver BurdenCost of IllnessDepressionEfficiencyFemaleHumansJapanMaleAlzheimer’s disease/dementiaBurdenCaregiversCostDepressionQuality of lifeSchizophreniaStrokeWork productivity

Identifiers

PMID39223532
PMCPMC11370303

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.