Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39223232›Full record

SynthesisProstate cancer and prostatic diseases2025

Local salvage therapies in patients with radio-recurrent prostate cancer following external beam radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Massimiliano Creta, Shahrokh F Shariat, Giancarlo Marra, Paolo Gontero, Marta Rossanese, Simone Morra, Jeremy Teoh, Amar U Kishan, R Jeffrey Karnes, Nicola Longo

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Dosimetric benefits of half-field arc in prostate cancer treatment.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Massimiliano CretaDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2082-3330
Shahrokh F ShariatDepartment of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6627-6179
Giancarlo MarraDepartment of Urology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
Paolo GonteroDepartment of Urology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino School of Medicine, Torino, Italy.
Marta RossaneseGaetano Barresi Department of Human and Paediatric Pathology, Urology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Simone MorraDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. simonemorra@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8569
Jeremy TeohS.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9361-2342
Amar U KishanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7437-6591
R Jeffrey KarnesDepartment of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Nicola LongoDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTo date, radio-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the fourth most common urological malignancy when considering the number of men with localized PCa who undergo radiation treatment and subsequently experience a biochemical recurrence. This systematic review aimed to summarize available evidence about the outcomes of local salvage strategies in patients with local PCa recurrence following primary external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT).

methodsWe conducted a comprehensive bibliographic search on MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases in October 2023 to identify studies published in the last 20 years evaluating outcomes of local salvage procedures in patients with locally radio-recurrent PCa following EBRT. The meta-analysis was performed using ProMeta 3 software when two or more studies reported the same outcome. The effect size (ES) was estimated using rates reported with its 95% confidence interval (CI).

resultsOverall, 28 studies (6 prospective and 22 retrospective) including 1544 patients were included in the review. Two-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 84.0% (95% CI: 67.0-93.0%), 69.0% (95% CI: 42.0-87.0%), 58.0% (95% CI: 43.0-71.0%), and 45% (95% CI: 38.0-52.0%), for patients undergoing brachytherapy (BT), EBRT, Cryotherapy and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), respectively. After salvage prostatectomy, RFS ranged from 75% to 78.5% at a median follow-up ranging from 18 to 35 months. Estimates for severe gastrointestinal toxicity were 2%, 3%, 3%, 4%, and 11% following cryotherapy, BT, HIFU, EBRT, and salvage radical prostatectomy, respectively.

conclusionsIn patients who underwent EBRT as primary treatment, prostate salvage re-irradiation through BT or EBRT represents the modality providing the best balance between efficacy and safety. Unfortunately, due to the low level of evidence, strong recommendations regarding the choice of any of these techniques cannot be made.

Indexed as

Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalProstatic NeoplasmsSalvage TherapyHumansMale

Identifiers

PMID39223232

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.