Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39222439›Full record

ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2025

Evaluating CA-125 and PET/CT for cancer detection in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

XingYao Wang, Jemima Albayda, Julie J Paik, Eleni Tiniakou, Brittany Adler, Andrew L Mammen, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Christopher A Mecoli

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

XingYao WangDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9993-8864
Jemima AlbaydaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8030-9504
Julie J PaikDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8436-1601
Eleni TiniakouDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4749-870X
Brittany AdlerDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9912-2435
Andrew L MammenDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lisa Christopher-StineDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7150-7306
Christopher A MecoliDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1429-8392

Funding

Phenotype-Specific Immune Responses in the Systemic VasculitidesP30AR053503 · NIAMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI BINGHAM, CLIFTON O · 2006 to 2015
$6.4M
RNA: Polymerase III specific CD8+ T cells: a mechanistic insight into cancer-induced autoimmunity in sclerodermaK08AR077732 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI TINIAKOU, ELENI · 2021 to 2025
$794k
Optimizing the Approach to Identify Cancer-Associated MyositisK23AR075898 · NIAMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MECOLI, CHRISTOPHER · 2019 to 2023
$773k
Huayi and Siuling Zhang Discovery FundJerome L. Greene FoundationNIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR077732NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR075898NIH HHSNIH HHS K23AR075898Peter and Carmen Lucia Buck Foundation Myositis Discovery FundThe Johns Hopkins Myositis Research Registry
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CA-125 and PET/CT in detecting cancer among adult patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).

methodsWe conducted a retrospective study of a single-centre cohort of adult IIM patients enrolled from 2003 to 2020. Data on CA-125 and PET/CT tests conducted within five years of IIM symptom onset were extracted from electronic medical records. The outcomes assessed included true-positive, false-positive, true-negative and false-negative results.

resultsAmong 1432 patients with IIM, 250 CA-125 tests were conducted on 205 patients within the first five years of symptom onset, yielding a false-positive rate of 3.1% and a false-negative rate of 14.3%. Most false-positives were associated with endometriosis or uterine fibroids, but additional medical procedures were often carried out to investigate the false-positive results. For PET/CT, 149 tests were performed on 139 patients, resulting in a false-positive rate of 5.5% and a false-negative rate of 28.6%. Lymphadenopathy and lung nodules were the predominant causes of false-positives, while melanoma, low-stage breast cancer and prostate cancer were the most frequent cancers missed (false-negatives).

conclusionFalse-positive and false-negative results are prevalent in cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and PET/CT testing for adult patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Understanding the causes of these inaccuracies can aid clinicians in making informed decisions during patient care.

Indexed as

CA-125 AntigenMyositisNeoplasmsPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyAdultAgedFalse Negative ReactionsFalse Positive ReactionsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesCA-125 Antigencancercancer screeningdermatomyositisimmune-mediated necrotizing myopathy

Identifiers

PMID39222439
PMCPMC11962979

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.