ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2024
Cognitive function in Parkinson's disease: associations with perivascular space in basal ganglia.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Glymphatic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Pooled it
- Mapping the research landscape of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's disease: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- The olfactory-glymphatic syndrome: linking smell dysfunction, cognitive impairment and sleep disturbances in neuropathological disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Clearance mechanisms of the glymphatic/lymphatic system in the brain: new therapeutic perspectives for cognitive impairment.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive impairment is one of the most common symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), and may be detectable through changes in neural features visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mild cognitive impairment is a transitional state between normal aging and dementia, and early recognition of Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) can help improve the quality of life and treatment for patients. This study investigated the association of enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) with PD-MCI.
aimsThis study aimed to evaluate whether EPVS and WMH can be used as potential MRI markers for PD-MCI.
methodsThis retrospective study involved 200 patients with PD who underwent cranial MRI in our hospital from April 2021 to April 2022. Patients were divided into those with no cognitive impairment (PD-NCI) or mild cognitive impairment. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyzed associations of EPVS, WMH, and clinicodemographic characteristics with cognitive decline.
resultsUnivariate regression identified severe EPVS in basal ganglia, severe WMH, older age, late-onset, male sex, low educational level, longer duration of disease, low triglycerides, low uric acid, and low scores on the Mini-mental State Exam as risk factors for PD-MCI. After adjusting for clinicodemographic risk factors in multivariate regression, low education level and EPVS in basal ganglia remained risk factors for cognitive impairment.
conclusionsSevere EPVS in basal ganglia and poor education, but not WMH, are independent risk factors of PD-MCI. Our findings suggest that non-invasive detection of EPVS in basal ganglia by MRI may be a valuable early indicator of cognitive decline in PD patients.
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