ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2024
Quantitative analysis of surgical landmarks of the face in fixed cadaveric heads: clinical and anatomical implications.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Morphometric evaluation of the external opening of the carotid canal and its relationships with adjacent skull base landmarks.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Article
- Anthropometric measurements of alar cartilage in the Turkish population sample: a comparative study.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Article
- Trigeminal Nerve Blocks for Medically Intractable Painful Trigeminal Neuropathy.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Automatic Apparent Nasal Index from Single Facial Photographs Using a Lightweight Deep Learning Pipeline: A Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of measurement reliability in digital morphometric measurements in relation to professional experience and technology habits.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Facial Asymmetry Determined by Linear Measurements According to Hand Preference and Gender.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Reconstruction of a Large Defect at the Junction of the Medial Canthus and the Superior Nasal Sidewall.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- The Manifestation of Congenital Hypoplasia of the Depressor Anguli Oris: A Case Report of Asymmetric Crying Facies.Cureus · 2025Article
- Analysis of depressions indicative of dural venous sinuses within the intracranial cavities of skull bases.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to examine and analyze the presence of sexual dimorphism and symmetry/asymmetry in fixed cadaveric heads and their contributions to clinical practice.
methodsMeasurements were conducted on 6 cadavers and 24 fixed cadaveric heads (n = 30) using a digital microcaliper to assess cranial dimensions, including surgical landmarks, facial index (FI), orbital index (OI), and the danger triangle of the face, offering crucial references for surgeons during surgical interventions.
resultsAnalyses were conducted on cadavers consisting of 10 females (33.3%) and 20 males (66.7%). Males demonstrated significantly higher values than females in terms of Zy-Zy (Zy = Zygion), nasal body, and width/length of the columella. Hyperleptoprosop types were the most frequently observed, followed by the leptoprosop type. Females exhibited megaseme characteristics according to OI on both sides. Additionally, the danger triangle of the face was greater in males compared than in females, suggesting a higher risk of infection in this region among males.
conclusionThe observed sex differences in facial and nasal dimensions, along with facial indices, are crucial for customizing surgical procedures to individual patients. For example, the greater distance in the danger triangle among males highlights the importance of considering anatomical variations to avoid complications, such as septic cavernous sinus thrombosis. Integrating these measurements into preoperative planning can enhance the precision of facial reconstruction and aesthetic surgeries, thereby improving patient outcomes and safety.
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