ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
IL-2 and TCR stimulation induce expression and secretion of IL-32β by human T cells.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autologous multiantigen-targeted T cell therapy for pancreatic cancer: a phase 1/2 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- The Framework of Host Innate and Adaptive Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Dynamic integration of CXCL8 or CCL20 signaling with IL-15 or IL-32α reprograms human T-cell functional plasticity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A single-cell cytokine dictionary of human peripheral blood.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A single-cell cytokine dictionary of human peripheral blood.Research square · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals aberrant CD4⁺ naive T cell differentiation driving immune activation in Behçet's uveitis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Interleukin-32: a Pandora's box in human immunodeficiency virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mini review: Interleukin-32 as a key mediator of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
IL-32 expression is important for pathogen clearance but detrimental in chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. T cells are major IL-32 producers in these diseases and key mediators of pathogen and tumor elimination but also autoimmune destruction. However, their contribution to IL-32 biology during immune responses is hardly understood due to several isoforms with divergent inflammatory properties. Here, we identified IL-32β as the predominant isoform in various T cell subsets of healthy individuals and breast cancer patients with the highest levels detected in intratumoral regulatory T cells. We show that IL-32β is induced by IL-2 but IL-32β release requires T Cell Receptor rather than IL2R stimulation. Using inhibitors of protein secretion pathways and serial (ultra)centrifugation of T cell supernatants, we demonstrate that T cells actively secrete IL-32β unconventionally, as a free protein and, to a minor degree, through exosomes. Thus, our data identify activated T cells as major IL-32β secretors in health and cancer.
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