ArticleEuropean heart journal. Imaging methods and practice2024
Flow inefficiencies in non-obstructive HCM revealed by kinetic energy and hemodynamic forces on 4D-flow CMR.
Article in European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-invasive pressure-volume loop analysis in left ventricular load manipulation.Clinical physiology and functional imaging · 2026Article
- Relationship between hemodynamic forces based on CMR and major adverse cardiac events in cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Unlocking the Hemodynamic Signature in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Path to Better Risk Stratification.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Prognostic Value of Left Ventricular Kinetic Energy for Predicting Major Adverse Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Closure of atrial septal defect normalizes left and right ventricular hemodynamic forces in children and adolescents.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic ResonanceArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Aims: Patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) exhibit myocardial changes which may cause flow inefficiencies not detectable on echocardiogram. We investigated whether left ventricular (LV) kinetic energy (KE) and hemodynamic forces (HDF) on 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can provide more sensitive measures of flow in non-obstructive HCM. Methods and results: Ninety participants (70 with non-obstructive HCM and 20 healthy controls) underwent 4D-flow CMR. Patients were categorized as phenotype positive (P+) based on maximum wall thickness (MWT) ≥ 15 mm or ≥13 mm for familial HCM, or pre-hypertrophic sarcomeric variant carriers (P-). LV KE and HDF were computed from 4D-flow CMR. Stroke work was computed using a previously validated non-invasive method. P+ and P- patients and controls had comparable diastolic velocities and LV outflow gradients on echocardiography, LV ejection fraction, and stroke volume on CMR. P+ patients had greater stroke work than P- patients, higher systolic KE compared with controls (5.8 vs. 4.1 mJ, Conclusion: Despite normal flow velocities on echocardiography, patients with non-obstructive HCM exhibited greater stroke work, systolic KE and HDF ratio, and late diastolic KE relative to controls. 4D-flow CMR provides more sensitive measures of haemodynamic inefficiencies in HCM, holding promise for clinical trials of novel therapies and clinical surveillance of non-obstructive HCM.
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