ArticleNature communications2024
Helical ultrastructure of the L-ENA spore aggregation factor of a Bacillus paranthracis foodborne outbreak strain.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Purification and Thioflavin T Staining of Bacillus spp. Endospores for Fluorescence-Based Assays.Current protocols · 2026Article
- Auto-crosslinking sporesilk fibers promote endospore and Cry toxin clustering.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal expression of endospore appendages and cryo-EM insights into Ena1C-mediated S-ENA anchoring in Bacillus paranthracis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Endospore appendages enhance adhesion ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Cryo-EM identifies F-ENA of Bacillus thuringiensis as a widespread family of endospore appendages across Firmicutes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cryo-EM analysis of the Bacillus thuringiensis extrasporal matrix identifies F-ENA as a widespread family of endospore appendages across Firmicutes.Research square · 2025Article
- Cryo-EM analysis of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In pathogenic Bacillota, spores can form an infectious particle and can take up a central role in the environmental persistence and dissemination of disease. A poorly understood aspect of spore-mediated infection is the fibrous structures or 'endospore appendages' (ENAs) that have been seen to decorate the spores of pathogenic Bacilli and Clostridia. Current methodological approaches are opening a window on these long enigmatic structures. Using cryoID, Alphafold modelling and genetic approaches we identify a sub-class of robust ENAs in a Bacillus paranthracis foodborne outbreak strain. We demonstrate that L-ENA are encoded by a rare three-gene cluster (ena3) that contains all components for the self-assembly of ladder-like protein nanofibers of stacked heptameric rings, their anchoring to the exosporium, and their termination in a trimeric 'ruffle' made of a complement C1Q-like BclA paralogue. The role of ENA fibers in spore-spore interaction and the distribution of L-ENA operon as mobile genetic elements in B. cereus s.l. strains suggest that L-ENA fibers may increase the survival, spread and virulence of these strains.
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