Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39209238›Full record

ArticleJournal of pain and symptom management2024

Economic Value of Unpaid Family Caregiver Time Following Hospital Discharge and at End of Life.

Brystana G Kaufman, Wenhan Zhang, Sahar Shibeika, Ro W Huang, Ting Xu, Cory Ingram, Allison M Gustavson, Diane E Holland, Catherine Vanderboom, Courtney H Van Houtven and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pain and symptom management, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Brystana G KaufmanPopulation Health Sciences (B.G.K., W.Z., S.S., T.X., C.H.V.H.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Margolis Institute for Health Policy (B.G.K., R.W.H., C.H.V.H.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation (ADAPT) (B.G.K., C.H.V.H.), Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address: brystana.kaufman@duke.edu.
Wenhan ZhangPopulation Health Sciences (B.G.K., W.Z., S.S., T.X., C.H.V.H.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Sahar ShibeikaPopulation Health Sciences (B.G.K., W.Z., S.S., T.X., C.H.V.H.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Ro W HuangMargolis Institute for Health Policy (B.G.K., R.W.H., C.H.V.H.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Ting XuPopulation Health Sciences (B.G.K., W.Z., S.S., T.X., C.H.V.H.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; School of Nursing and Health Management (T.X.), Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Cory IngramCommunity Internal Medicine (C.I.), Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Allison M GustavsonDepartment of Medicine (A.M.G.), Division of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Veterans Affairs Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research (A.M.G.), Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health (A.M.G.), Rehabilitation Sciences Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Diane E HollandKern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery Research (D.E.H., C.V., J.M.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Catherine VanderboomKern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery Research (D.E.H., C.V., J.M.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Courtney H Van HoutvenPopulation Health Sciences (B.G.K., W.Z., S.S., T.X., C.H.V.H.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Margolis Institute for Health Policy (B.G.K., R.W.H., C.H.V.H.), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation (ADAPT) (B.G.K., C.H.V.H.), Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Joan M GriffinKern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery Research (D.E.H., C.V., J.M.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Division of Health Care Delivery Research (J.M.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Funding

Technology-enhanced Transitional Palliative Care for Family Caregivers in Rural SettingsR01NR016433 · NINR · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI GRIFFIN, JOAN M. · 2017 to 2021
$2.9M
NINR NIH HHS R01 NR016433
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextFamily caregivers (FCGs) play a crucial role in care for people with serious illness, yet unpaid care is often overlooked in estimates of care recipient (CR) care costs.

objectivesThis study quantifies the economic value of unpaid caregiving by FCGs between hospital discharge and end of life.

methodsTrial participants were rural FCGs of CRs receiving palliative care during hospitalization. Caregiving hours were self-reported by FCGs over six months following hospital discharge. Economic value was assigned to hours based on wage data from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. Time was valued using 1) home health aide wages (proxy cost), 2) median national wage by FCG sex and education level (opportunity cost), 3) opportunity cost if employed and proxy cost otherwise (combination cost).

resultsOf 282 FCGs, 94% were non-Hispanic White, 71% were female, 71% had a college degree, and 51% were in the workforce. FCGs of decedents (58%) compared to survivors reported significantly more caregiving hours per person-month (392 vs. 272), resulting in higher estimated economic value per person-month using opportunity ($12,653 vs. $8843), proxy ($5689 vs. $3955), and combined costing methods ($9490 vs. $6443)

conclusionThis study informs more complete economic evaluations of palliative care by estimating the economic value of unpaid caregiving. The high intensity of unpaid caregiving for people with serious illness, especially toward the end of life, should be considered when designing policies and interventions to support FCGs. Better methods for approximating economic value are needed to address potential inequities in current valuation approaches.

Indexed as

CaregiversPalliative CarePatient DischargeTerminal CareAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRural PopulationSalaries and Fringe BenefitsTime FactorsEnd-of-life careFamily caregivingHealthcare costsPalliative careRural health

Identifiers

PMID39209238
PMCPMC11534512

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.