ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
Risk of Non-AIDS-Defining Events Is Lower in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)-Naive HIV Controllers Than in Normal Progressors on Suppressive ART.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy and metabolic outcomes of switching from an INSTI-based triple-drug regimen to dolutegravir/lamivudine in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients: a 48-week real-world study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Major Depressive Episodes and Psychiatric Symptoms Among HIV Controllers Compared With Antiretroviral-Treated People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The elite controller phenotype.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Longitudinal plasma proteomic signatures of elite and viremic spontaneous HIV controllers.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe aimed to compare the non-AIDS event (nADE) risk between normal progressors using antiretroviral therapy (NP-ART) and people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) who naturally control HIV infection (HIV controllers), as well as the risk of nADE following ART in HIV controllers.
methodsThe primary end point was the composite of cardiovascular disease, non-AIDS malignancy, or all-cause mortality, whichever came first. The role of ART in HIV controllers was assessed as a time-varying covariate.
resultsWe included 1007 ART-naive HIV controllers (60 of them were elite controllers), 1510 early-ART (<6 months after negative HIV test), and 15437 NP-ART (reference group), contributing 3813, 11 060, and 160 050 years of follow-up, respectively. HIV controllers had lower risk of the primary end point (hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .38-.81; P = .0023), all-cause mortality (adjusted HR [aHR], 0.45; 95% CI: .25-.79; P = .0054), and cardiovascular disease (aHR, 0.47; 95% CI: .22-.99; P = .046), but not non-AIDS malignancy (aHR, 0.74; 95% CI: .41-1.35; P = .33), compared with NP-ART. Among HIV controllers, each log10 lower baseline viral load further decreased the risk of a nADE (aHR, 0.54; 95% CI: .29-.99; P = .045). ART in HIV controllers did not reduce the risk of any nADE (aHR, 1.22; 95% CI: .66-2.29; P = .53).
conclusionsHIV controllers had a lower n ADE risk than NP-ART, especially in those with low plasma viral loads. ART did not alter the nADE risk in HIV controllers. Our findings help clinicians to decide on prescribing ART in HIV controllers.
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