Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39207457›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of pediatrics2024

Unique content of breastmilk: neurotrophic growth factors in breastmilk at 2 years and beyond.

Öykü Özbörü Aşkan, Fatma Hande Karpuzoğlu, Alev Bakır Kayı, Tülin Ayşe Özden, Gülbin Gökçay, Gonca Keskindemirci

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Article in European journal of pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Öykü Özbörü AşkanInstitute of Child Health, Department of Social Pediatrics, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4139-5497
Fatma Hande Karpuzoğluİstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-5838
Alev Bakır KayıInstitute of Child Health, Department of Social Pediatrics, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-5822
Tülin Ayşe Özdenİstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9952-803X
Gülbin GökçayInstitute of Child Health, Department of Social Pediatrics, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-0407
Gonca KeskindemirciIstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, İstanbul University, Topkapı Mah. Turgut Özal Cad 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Türkiye. keskindemirci@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-2802

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of our study was to show the presence of neurotrophic factors in breast milk that have a significant impact on neurocognitive development of children aged two years and beyond. Mothers expressed at least 5 mL of breast milk into sterile containers when their children 18, 24, and ≥ 25 months of age, and then specimens were transferred to Eppendorf tubes and stored at -20 °C. One day before the analysis, specimens were kept at +4 °C and then thawed at room temperature to prepare them for analysis. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and S100B neurotrophic growth factor levels were analyzed using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principles. Sixty-two mothers with children aged 18 months were included in the study. The mean age of the mothers was 33.4 (± 0.71) years. Due to the detection limits of the commercial kits, BDNF and S100B analyses could not be conducted. Therefore, only GDNF was analyzed. The presence of GDNF was found in the breast milk samples taken at 18, 24, and ≥ 25 months, and the median (min max) values were 315,505 ng/mL (193,067 750,718), 316,721 ng/mL (161,278 l-752,252), and 564,577 ng/mL (238,528-781,104) respectively. There were no significant differences between GDNF levels of breast milk samples collected from the same mother at the three different time points (18, 24, and ≥ 25 months) (p = 0.278).    Conclusion: Our study was the first to show the presence of neurotrophic factors in the breast milk of mothers with healthy children over one year of age. Our results provide evidence-based data on the importance of breastfeeding until children are at least two years of age. What is Known: • Presence of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and S100B neurotrophic growth factor have been shown in the breast milk of mothers whose infants are the first year of life. What is New: • Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic factors continue to present in breast milk of mothers with children aged 18, 24, and ≥ 25 months, without any significant difference in level between months.

Indexed as

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorMilk, HumanAdultBreast FeedingChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleNerve Growth FactorsS100 Calcium Binding Protein beta SubunitBDNF protein, humanBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorGDNF protein, humanGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorNerve Growth FactorsS100B protein, humanS100 Calcium Binding Protein beta SubunitBreastfeedingGDNFNeurotrophic growth factors

Identifiers

PMID39207457

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.