Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39206960›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2025

A Rapid Molecular Detection Tool for Toxigenic M1UK  Streptococcus pyogenes.

Stephan Brouwer, Swairindhree Das, Andrew J Hayes, Olivia M Bertolla, Mark R Davies, Mark J Walker, David M Whiley, Adam D Irwin, Jacob A Tickner

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Tracing the recent evolution of Group AEmerging microbes & infections · 2026
    Review
  2. Predominance of M1European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Molecular Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stephan BrouwerAustralian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and Institute for Molecular Bioscience.ORCID 0000-0002-9777-2992
Swairindhree DasUQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Andrew J HayesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria.
Olivia M BertollaAustralian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and Institute for Molecular Bioscience.
Mark R DaviesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria.
Mark J WalkerAustralian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and Institute for Molecular Bioscience.
David M WhileyUQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Adam D IrwinUQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Jacob A TicknerUQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane.ORCID 0000-0003-3100-1789

Funding

Identifying the Most Effective Adjuvant(s) for Leading Group A Streptococcal Vaccine Antigens in Preclinical Mouse and Nonhuman Primate ModelsR01AI173689 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Victor Nizet, Mark Joseph Walker · 2023 to 2026
$2.8M
National Health and Medical Research CouncilNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI173689Queensland Paediatric Infectious Diseases Sakzewski Research Laboratory
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe gradual replacement of the Streptococcus pyogenes M1global genotype by a newly emergent M1UK variant is a global public health threat warranting increased surveillance. M1UK differs from progenitor M1global genotype by 27 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and is characterized by increased speA superantigen expression in vitro.

methodsAn allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for the rapid detection of M1UK strains. The assay was used in combination with whole genome sequencing to determine emm (sub)type distribution for 51 invasive (n = 9) and noninvasive (n = 42) S pyogenes clinical isolates.

resultsEmm1 was the most prevalent S pyogenes emm serotype (n = 11) in this set of clinical isolates, with M1UK being the dominant emm1 genotype (4/5 invasive, 3/6 noninvasive isolates). The assay accurately detected M1UK strains. Whole genome sequencing revealed continued presence of Australian M1UK sublineages associated with epidemic scarlet fever-causing S pyogenes in Asia.

conclusionsOur study establishes a suitable target for detection of the toxigenic M1UK and confirms the maintenance of M1UK strains in Queensland, Australia. This assay can be deployed in laboratories and provides a valuable, cost-effective tool to enhance surveillance of the expanding M1UK clone.

Indexed as

Molecular Diagnostic TechniquesStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcus pyogenesAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial ProteinsCarrier ProteinsExotoxinsGenotypeHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotideQueenslandReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionWhole Genome SequencingAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacterial ProteinsCarrier ProteinsExotoxinsstreptococcal M proteinM1UKreal-time PCRscarlet feverssrA SNPStreptococcus pyogenes

Identifiers

PMID39206960
PMCPMC11841628

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.