Plication or resection combined with antagonist recession in horizontal strabismus.

Background: Strengthening of extraocular muscles is a conventional procedure in the management of strabismus. Plication may be an alternative strengthening technique, and is less invasive than resection. This study compared plication and resection, each combined with antagonist muscle recession, in terms of success rates and changes in ocular deviation in the management of horizontal strabismus. Methods: This retrospective study recruited individuals with horizontal strabismus who underwent plication (group I) or resection (group II) coupled with antagonist muscle recession. All participants underwent a detailed baseline eye and ocular motility evaluation. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including age, sex, type of preoperative strabismus (exotropia or esotropia), baseline visual acuity, mean follow-up duration, laterality of operated eye, surgical doses of correction (resection, plication, or recession) in millimeters, preoperative strabismus magnitude in prism diopters (PD), and postoperative strabismus magnitude in PD. Successful postoperative deviation was defined as ≤10 PD. At final follow-up, the success rates and degrees of change in angle of deviation were recorded. Results: Forty-four patients were enrolled: 19 patients in group I (plication) and 25 patients in group II (resection). The groups had comparable ages, sex ratios, types of strabismus, and preoperative and postoperative angles of deviation (all Conclusions: In esotropic and exotropic strabismus, plication and resection procedures combined with antagonist recession were similarly effective. However, further randomized, large-scale, longitudinal studies with clinical and subjective evaluations could comitant strabismus, squint, esotropias, primary exotropia, exodeviation, plication, resection, recession, amblyopias.