ReviewCureus2024
White Spot Lesions in Fixed Orthodontics: A Literature Review on Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment.
Review in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- White spot lesion in self-ligating versus conventional ligating bracket systems: A systematic review.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative assessment of four treatments for post orthodontic white spot lesions over a 24-month period: a randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Patient Facing AI Chatbots in Digital Orthodontic Education: A Comparative Evaluation of Understandability, Actionability, Quality, and Safety of Dietary Advice.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative efficacy of electric toothbrush technologies in plaque and gingivitis reduction: a network meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Effects of demineralization around orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesive agents on fatigue-based shear bond strength: an in vitro comparative study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets on Demineralized Enamel Before and After Application of a Resin Infiltrant Remineralizing Agent: An In Vitro Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Influence of White Spot Lesion Severity on the Structural, Optical, and Mechanical Outcomes of Resin Infiltration: An In Vitro Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association between 6-n-propylthiouracil taste phenotypes and the development of initial caries lesions during fixed orthodontic treatment : A prospective cohort study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Characterization of Newly Synthesized Nanobiomaterials for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Perception and satisfaction in patients using clear aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- A study on the treatment of enamel white spot lesions using chitosan-calcium phosphate microgels loaded with EGCG-NPs.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanoparticle-based oral rinse in prevention of white spot lesions in orthodontic treatment: A systematic review.Journal of orthodontic science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
White spot lesions (WSLs) are a common complication after treatment using fixed orthodontic appliances. Decalcification of enamel surrounding fixed orthodontic appliances, known as WSLs, poses a significant aesthetic difficulty during and after treatment, as the purpose of fixed orthodontic therapy is to improve facial and dental appearance. Modern dentistry utilizes remineralization therapies to non-invasively treat WSLs to prevent the progression of disease and enhance the strength, appearance, and functionality of the affected tooth. This review aims to identify and assess the etiology, formation, and risk factors, as well as current treatment approaches used in achieving WSLs remineralization, induced by fixed orthodontic appliances. An electronic search on the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases was performed using a selected keyword. A total of 172 studies (from 2013 to 2023) were retrieved. Their references were also checked to find other relevant studies. Duplicate copies were excluded. After the abstract and full-text screening, only 39 studies were included. Even though numerous studies address the different treatment modalities for managing post-orthodontic WSLs, such as antiseptics; fluorides such as dentifrices, mouthwash, and varnish, and remineralizing agents such as casein phosphopeptides amorphous calcium phosphate
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.