Design and Validation of Single-Axis 3D-Printed Force Sensor Based on Three Nested Flexible Rings.

Pengfei Yang, Shiwei Xin, Yuqing Mao, Fei Dang, Feng Huang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

A Redundant-Sensing-Based Six-Axis Force/Torque Sensor Enabling Compactness and High Sensitivity.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Pengfei YangSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4753-3109

Shiwei XinSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Yuqing MaoSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Fei DangCollege of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Feng HuangSchool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 12302132Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2021J05114Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2023J05249

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Force measurement is crucial in numerous engineering applications, while traditional force sensors often face problems such as elevated expenses or significant measurement errors. To tackle this issue, we propose an innovative force sensor employing three nested flexible rings fabricated through 3D additive manufacturing, which detects external forces through the displacement variations of flexible rings. An analytical model on the basis of the minimal energy method is developed to elucidate the force-displacement correlation with nonlinearity. Both FEM simulations and experiments verify the sensor's effectiveness. This sensor has the advantages of low expenses and easy manufacture, indicating promising prospects in a range of applications, including robotics, the automotive industry, and iatrical equipment.

Indexed as

3D-printed force sensorforce-displacement relationshipnested ringsnonlinear analytical model

Identifiers

PMID39205135

DOI10.3390/s24165441

PMCPMC11359653

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.