Pulmonary Inhalation of Biotherapeutics: A Systematic Approach to Understanding the Effects of Atomisation Gas Flow Rate on Particle Physiochemical Properties and Retained Bioactivity.

Laura Foley, Ahmad Ziaee, Gavin Walker, Emmet O'Reilly

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Stabilising large biologics through complimentary buffer component protection and rapid drying times.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Laura FoleySSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-6270-8109

Ahmad ZiaeeSSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-6385-6370

Gavin WalkerSSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.

Emmet O'ReillySSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.

Funding

Science Foundation Ireland 12/RC/2275_P2

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The identification of spray-drying processing parameters capable of producing particles suitable for pulmonary inhalation with retained bioactivity underpins the development of inhalable biotherapeutics. Effective delivery of biopharmaceuticals via pulmonary delivery routes such as dry powder inhalation (DPI) requires developing techniques that engineer particles to well-defined target profiles while simultaneously minimising protein denaturation. This study examines the simultaneous effects of atomisation gas flow rate on particle properties and retained bioactivity for the model biopharmaceutical lysozyme. The results show that optimising the interplay between atomisation gas flow rate and excipient concentration enables the production of free-flowing powder with retained bioactivity approaching 100%, moisture content below 4%, and D

Indexed as

atomisation gas flow ratebiotherapeuticsenzymatic activityparticle engineeringpulmonary deliveryspray-drying

Identifiers

PMID39204365

DOI10.3390/pharmaceutics16081020

PMCPMC11359500

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.