ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Cracking the Codes behind Cancer Cells' Immune Evasion.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- mRNA-based therapeutics in lung Cancer: Mechanisms, applications, and translational challenges.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Review
- Macrophage Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Immunomodulation and Bone Regeneration: Emerging Applications in Oral and Dental Implant Therapy.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Interactions Between Circulating Tumor Cells and the Immune System in Colorectal Cancer: Friends or Foes?Cancers · 2026Review
- Construction of a risk scoring model based on machine learning and validation of the role of the key gene SERPINE1 in the progression of colon cancer.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- The multidimensional roles and mechanisms of exercise intervention in pediatric oncology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dual role of CXCL10 in cancer progression: implications for immunotherapy and targeted treatment.Cancer biology & therapy · 2025Review
- Effects of anesthesia on tumor perfusion and infiltration during brain tumor neurosurgery.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Cell-Based Therapies for Solid Tumors: Challenges and Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging Immunotherapies in Lung Cancer: The Latest Advances and the Future of mRNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Nanocarriers for cutting-edge cancer immunotherapies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Development of a machine learning model to predict overall survival for large hepatocellular carcinoma at BCLC stage A or B after curative hepatectomy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Migrasome-Related Prognostic Genes in Gastric Cancer: A Transcriptomic and Immunotherapeutic Analysis.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- New insights into the mechanisms of the immune microenvironment and immunotherapy in osteosarcoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune evasion is a key phenomenon in understanding tumor recurrence, metastasis, and other critical steps in tumor progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is in constant flux due to the tumor's ability to release signals that affect it, while immune cells within it can impact cancer cell behavior. Cancer cells undergo several changes, which can change the enrichment of different immune cells and modulate the activity of existing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells can evade immune surveillance by downregulating antigen presentation or expressing immune checkpoint molecules. High levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlate with better outcomes, and robust immune responses can control tumor growth. On the contrary, increased enrichment of Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and M2-like anti-inflammatory macrophages can hinder effective immune surveillance and predict poor prognosis. Overall, understanding these immune evasion mechanisms guides therapeutic strategies. Researchers aim to modulate the TME to enhance immune surveillance and improve patient outcomes. In this review article, we strive to summarize the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment, factors affecting the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and different therapeutic modalities targeting the immune cells. This review is a first-hand reference to understand the basics of immune surveillance and immune evasion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.