ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2024
Three-Month Follow-Up of the Post-COVID Syndrome after Admission to a Specialised Post-COVID Centre-A Prospective Study Focusing on Mental Health with Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs).
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of genetic liability for psychiatric disorders and personality traits in post covid syndrome: data from three Nordic population cohorts.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Prospective associations between Long COVID and mental health: evidence from a population-based study with a nearly three-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Hope of success and fear of failure in post-COVID patients.Health psychology report · 2026Article
- Prevalence of depression, anxiety, fatigue, and headache before and after long COVID onset: a case-control study in the total population of Region Stockholm.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health Sequelae in COVID-19 Survivors: A Cohort Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Exploring the psychological impact of long COVID: symptoms, mechanisms, and treatments.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveThe impairments and duration of PASC (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19) symptoms in mental health have, to date, not been comprehensively examined. Our objective is to provide longitudinal data on the mental health of Post-COVID patients and to identify risk and protective factors associated with a severe or prolonged course.
methodsThe mental health of 265 Post-COVID patients of the outpatient Post-COVID centre of the University Hospital Erlangen was assessed 17.1 (T0) and 22.5 months after infection (T1). An online survey with validated questionnaires for Post-COVID symptoms (Post-COVID Syndrome Score), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), somatic symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-15), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale) and Post-Exertional Malaise (PEM) (DePaul Post-Exertional Malaise Screening) was conducted in the home environment.
resultsIn total, 80% of patients experienced severe PASC at follow-up. Clinically relevant symptoms of depression, persistent somatic symptoms, anxiety and fatigue were reported by 55.8%, 72.5%, 18.9% and 89.4% of patients, respectively. Depressive, anxiety and somatic symptom severity decreased significantly over time; fatigue and PEM remained at an unchanged high level. The risk factor for higher depression scores was older age; prior psychiatric illness treated with psychotherapy was associated with more severe depressive, somatic, anxiety and PASC symptoms. PEM symptoms were significantly associated with longer duration between acute infection and initial presentation in the Post-COVID centre.
conclusionsOur findings align with previous research, claiming severe mental health symptoms in PASC syndrome, lasting for months after infection. In-depth assessment of risk and protective factors for the mental health implications of PASC is needed for the planning of health services and disease prevention.
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