ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2025
Terrabacteria: redefining bacterial envelope diversity, biogenesis and evolution.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial cell envelope components of gut commensals: effects in host-microbe interaction.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Review of the Composition and Antimicrobial Roles of Extracts of Vine Tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata).Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- A mechanism for substrate quality control in outer membrane protein assembly.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Gram-negative-staining Bacillaceae with thick cell wall and monoderm architecture uncover evolutionary diversity and challenge Gram-based classification.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Integration of Membrane Proteins into the Outer Membrane of Diderm Bacteria by the BAM Complex.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- A high-copper-content metal-organic framework with potential antibacterial activities.RSC advances · 2026Article
- GTDB release 10: a complete and systematic taxonomy for 715 230 bacterial and 17 245 archaeal genomes.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A genomic view of Earth's biomes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- A multilayered cell envelope of a member of the Chloroflexota offers an anchoring platform for the archaellum.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Sex, age, and seasonal distribution characteristics of bacterial and fungal infections.PloS one · 2026Article
- Specific role of two NlpC/P60 endopeptidases in cell division and membrane vesicle formation inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Current Understanding of Taxonomy and Ecology of the Phylum Minisyncoccota.Microbes and environments · 2026Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis biology, pathogenicity and interaction with the host.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide assembly by the outer membrane translocon holo-complex.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structure of a functional archaellum in Bacteria of the Chloroflexota phylum.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Why Do FilamentousAnnual review of microbiology · 2025Review
- The evolution of the tree of life.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- DPANN Archaea and CPR Bacteria: insights into early cellular evolution?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Distinct cell division features inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Origin and Evolution of Bacterial Periplasmic Force Transducers.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The bacterial envelope is one of the oldest and most essential cellular components and has been traditionally divided into Gram-positive (monoderm) and Gram-negative (diderm). Recent landmark studies have challenged a major paradigm in microbiology by inferring that the last bacterial common ancestor had a diderm envelope and that the outer membrane (OM) was lost repeatedly in evolution to give rise to monoderms. Intriguingly, OM losses appear to have occurred exclusively in the Terrabacteria, one of the two major clades of bacteria. In this Review, we present current knowledge about the Terrabacteria. We describe their diversity and phylogeny and then highlight the vast phenotypic diversity of the Terrabacteria cell envelopes, which display large deviations from the textbook examples of diderms and monoderms, challenging the classical Gram-positive-Gram-negative divide. We highlight the striking differences in the systems involved in OM biogenesis in Terrabacteria with respect to the classical diderm experimental models and how they provide novel insights into the diversity and biogenesis of the bacterial cell envelope. We also discuss the potential evolutionary steps that might have led to the multiple losses of the OM and speculate on how the very first OM might have emerged before the last bacterial common ancestor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.