ArticleActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2025
Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia before and after respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children.
Article in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stratify severe risk in children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia-A retrospective study based on machine learning and SHAP interpretation.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia before and after respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimThe burden of respiratory disease is great among children. This study aimed to examine the temporal relationship between hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bacterial pneumonia.
methodsA Swedish population-based cohort was created by combining data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the National Inpatient Register, the Cause of Death Register, the Total Population Register, and the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies. Children born between 1998 and 2015 were included and followed for 2 years. We examined the temporal relationship between RSV hospitalisation and bacterial pneumonia using piecewise exponential models.
resultsThe final cohort comprised 1 641 747 children, 48.5% were females. There were 23 632 RSV and 4722 bacterial pneumonia hospitalisations, with mean age of 137.8 and 424.2 days, respectively. RSV hospitalisation was associated with bacterial pneumonia with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) of 3.18. The risk was highest in the first month after RSV hospitalisation, aIRR 11.19. The risk of bacterial pneumonia was elevated for 4 months after RSV hospitalisation and before RSV hospitalisation.
conclusionWe found an increased risk for bacterial pneumonia hospitalisation in children hospitalised for RSV both before and after RSV hospitalisation, indicating a bidirectional relationship.
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