Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39191786›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Damage-programmable design of metamaterials achieving crack-resisting mechanisms seen in nature.

Zhenyang Gao, Xiaolin Zhang, Yi Wu, Minh-Son Pham, Yang Lu, Cunjuan Xia, Haowei Wang, Hongze Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Liquids as Reinforcements for Anisotropic and Tough Soft Matter Composites.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. 3D-MOF-Lattice Inspired Programmable Metamaterials Based on Reconfigurable Polyhedral Origami.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  10. Material-Gradient Enabled Enhancement of Strength and Strain-Hardening of Lattice Structures.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zhenyang GaoState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Xiaolin ZhangState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Yi WuState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. eagle51@sjtu.edu.cn.
Minh-Son PhamDepartment of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-2980
Yang LuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, 999077, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-2718
Cunjuan XiaState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Haowei WangState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Hongze WangState Key Labortory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. hz.wang@sjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-1805

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52004160National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52075327National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 523B2048
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The fracture behaviour of artificial metamaterials often leads to catastrophic failures with limited resistance to crack propagation. In contrast, natural materials such as bones and ceramics possess microstructures that give rise to spatially controllable crack path and toughened material resistance to crack advances. This study presents an approach that is inspired by nature's strengthening mechanisms to develop a systematic design method enabling damage-programmable metamaterials with engineerable microfibers in the cells that can spatially program the micro-scale crack behaviour. Machine learning is applied to provide an effective design engine that accelerate the generation of damage-programmable cells that offer advanced toughening functionality such as crack bowing, crack deflection, and shielding seen in natural materials; and are optimised for a given programming of crack path. This paper shows that such toughening features effectively enable crack-resisting mechanisms on the basis of the crack tip interactions, crack shielding, crack bridging and synergistic combinations of these mechanisms, increasing up to 1,235% absorbed fracture energy in comparison to conventional metamaterials. The proposed approach can have broad implications in the design of damage-tolerant materials, and lightweight engineering systems where significant fracture resistances or highly programmable damages for high performances are sought after.

Identifiers

PMID39191786
PMCPMC11349770

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.