SynthesisDiabetes care2024
Effectiveness of Multilevel and Multidomain Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of Multilevel and Multidomain Interventions on Glycemic Control in U.S. Hispanic Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Interventions for the Transition to Adult Healthcare for Young People with Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2025Pooled it
- WeChat-Based Intervention for Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Effects of Multilevel and Multidomain Interventions on Glycemic Control Among Black Persons with Type 2 Diabetes in the U.S.: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Comparing Care Coordination and Food Assistance Referrals to Improve Diabetes Outcomes: A Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- A Multisite, Randomized Trial Testing a Community-Digital Health Intervention among Black and Latino Adults with Cardiometabolic Conditions: The Roots of Wellness (Raíces del Bienestar) Protocol.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Assessing a Community Health Worker-Facilitated, Digitally Delivered, Family-Centered Diabetes Management Program: Single-Arm Quasi-Experimental Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Registrations and Risk Factor Correlations in the UK (2022-24).Cureus · 2025Article
- Multilevel Interventions Aimed at Improving HPV Immunization Coverage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Is there a role for platelet indices in predicting poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus?World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Housing Instability and Type 2 Diabetes Outcomes.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Transportation Barriers and Diabetes Outcomes: A Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRacial and ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes outcomes are a major public health concern. Interventions targeting multiple barriers may help address disparities. PURPOSE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions in minority populations. We hypothesized that interventions addressing multiple levels (individual, interpersonal, community, and societal) and/or domains (biological, behavioral, physical/built environment, sociocultural environment, and health care system) would have the greatest effect on hyperglycemia. DATA SOURCES: We performed an electronic search of research databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (1985-2019). STUDY SELECTION: We included randomized controlled trials of DSME interventions among U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes from racial and ethnic minority populations. DATA EXTRACTION: We extracted study parameters on DSME interventions and changes in percent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 106 randomized controlled trials were included. Twenty-five percent (n = 27) of interventions were exclusively individual-behavioral, 51% (n = 54) were multilevel, 66% (n = 70) were multidomain, and 42% (n = 45) were both multilevel and multidomain. Individual-behavioral interventions reduced HbA1c by -0.34 percentage points (95% CI -0.46, -0.22; I2 = 33%) (-3.7 [-5.0, -2.4] mmol/mol). Multilevel interventions reduced HbA1c by -0.40 percentage points (95% CI -0.51, -0.29; I2 = 68%) (-4.4 [-5.6, -3.2] mmol/mol). Multidomain interventions reduced HbA1c by -0.39 percentage points (95% CI -0.49, -0.29; I2 = 68%) (-4.3 [-5.4, -3.2] mmol/mol). Interventions that were both multilevel and multidomain reduced HbA1c by -0.43 percentage points (95% CI -0.55, -0.31; I2 = 69%) (-4.7 [-6.0, -3.4] mmol/mol). LIMITATIONS: The analyses were restricted to RCTs.
conclusionsMultilevel and multidomain DSME interventions had a modest impact on HbA1c. Few DSME trials have targeted the community and society levels or physical environment domain. Future research is needed to evaluate the effects of these interventions on outcomes beyond HbA1c.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.