ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2025
Genetic risk, health-associated lifestyle, and risk of early-onset total cancer and breast cancer.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vitamin D Supplementation and Testosterone Levels in Breast Cancer Survivors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- A randomized study of 2 risk assessment models for individualized breast cancer risk estimation.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Trial
- Association Between Allostatic Load, Genetic Susceptibility, and Liver Cancer Incidence: A Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Hereditary breast cancer: emerging roles of non-coding RNAs.Hereditas · 2026Review
- Early-onset cancer and modifiable risk: quantifying the combined impact of excess body weight and alcohol on breast and colorectal cancer in Italy (18-34 years).BMC public health · 2026Article
- Accelerating discovery of cancer causes for prevention in the era of rising early-onset cancers.Cell · 2026Review
- Tumor-Associated Neutrophils and Desmoplastic Reaction in the Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment: A Comprehensive Review.Cancers · 2026Review
- Diverging global incidence trends of early-onset cancers: comparisons with incidence trends of later-onset cancers and mortality trends of early-onset cancers.Military Medical Research · 2025Article
- Amino acid metabolism in breast cancer: pathogenic drivers and therapeutic opportunities.Protein & cell · 2025Review
- Associations of healthy lifestyle and accelerated aging with incident breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women: a population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Does childhood obesity foreshadow a future time-bomb of early and more aggressive cancers?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Behavioral risk factors in oncology patients: A matched case control study from Yemen.PloS one · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundEarly-onset cancer (diagnosed under age 50) generally manifests as an aggressive disease phenotype. The association between healthy lifestyle and early-onset cancer and whether it varies by common genetic variants remains unclear.
methodsWe analyzed a prospective cohort of 66 308 participants who were under age 50 and free of cancer at baseline in the UK Biobank. Using Cox regression, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early-onset total and breast cancer based on sex-specific composite total cancer polygenic risk scores (PRSs), a breast cancer-specific PRS, and sex-specific health-associated lifestyle scores (HLSs).
resultsIn multivariable-adjusted analyses with 2-year latency, higher genetic risk (highest vs lowest tertile of PRS) was associated with significantly increased risks of early-onset total cancer in females (HR, 95% CI = 1.83, 1.49 to 2.26) and males (2.03, 1.51 to 2.73) as well as early-onset breast cancer in females (3.06, 2.20 to 4.26). An unfavorable lifestyle (highest vs lowest category of HLS) was associated with higher risk of total cancer and breast cancer in females across genetic risk categories; the association with total cancer and breast cancer was stronger in the highest genetic risk category than the lowest: HRs (95% CIs) were 1.55 (1.12 to 2.14) and 1.69 (1.11 to 2.57) in the highest genetic risk category and 1.03 (0.64 to 1.67) and 0.81 (0.36 to 1.85) in the lowest.
conclusionsGenetic and lifestyle factors were independently associated with early-onset total and breast cancer risk. Individuals with a high genetic risk may benefit more from adopting a healthy lifestyle in preventing early-onset cancer.
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