ArticleMolecular pharmacology2024
Ketamine and Major Ketamine Metabolites Function as Allosteric Modulators of Opioid Receptors.
Article in Molecular pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Is the antidepressant efficacy of ketamine and esketamine mediated via opioid mechanisms?European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Ketamine in treating opioid use disorder and opioid withdrawal: a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of naltrexone pretreatment on ketamine-induced glutamatergic activity and symptoms of depression: a randomized crossover study.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Structural basis of opioid receptor activation by PCP and ketamine.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- The effects of low-dose ketamine and (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine on affective behaviors associated with protracted oxycodone withdrawal.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Low Dose Ketamine Preconditions Astrocyte Mitochondria to Achieve Antidepressant Efficacy via Adenosine, Humanin, and Melatonin Upregulation and Efflux.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a Single Subcutaneous or Intramuscular Dose of Ketamine in Healthy Horses.Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Novel pharmacotherapies for opioid use disorder and opioid withdrawal.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Antidepressants and the endogenous opioid system.Biochemical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Ketamine Evokes Acute Behavioral Effects Via μ Opioid Receptor-Expressing Neurons of the Central Amygdala.Biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Differential effects of statins on the anti-dyskinetic activity of sub-anesthetic ketamine.Neuroscience letters · 2025Article
- Behavioral and biochemical changes associated with the analgesic effects of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine alone and in combination with meloxicam following disk puncture in mice.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Beyond NMDA Receptors: A Narrative Review of Ketamine's Rapid and Multifaceted Mechanisms in Depression Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ketamine is a glutamate receptor antagonist that was developed over 50 years ago as an anesthetic agent. At subanesthetic doses, ketamine and some metabolites are analgesics and fast-acting antidepressants, presumably through targets other than glutamate receptors. We tested ketamine and its metabolites for activity as allosteric modulators of opioid receptors expressed as recombinant receptors in heterologous systems and with native receptors in rodent brain; signaling was examined by measuring GTP binding,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.