Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39186717›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2024

Burden of multidrug-resistant bacteria among HIV-positive individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Muluneh Assefa, Azanaw Amare, Mitkie Tigabie, Getu Girmay, Abebaw Setegn, Yenesew Mihret Wondmagegn, Mebratu Tamir, Debaka Belete, Melak Aynalem, Teshome Belachew and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Muluneh AssefaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0003-0241-8809
Azanaw AmareDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Mitkie TigabieDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Getu GirmayDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Abebaw SetegnDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Yenesew Mihret WondmagegnDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Mebratu TamirDepartment of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Debaka BeleteDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Melak AynalemDepartment of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Teshome BelachewDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Sirak BisetDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-1260-1108

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant cause of severe infections, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals because of their weakened immunity. Since there was no previous pooled representative data regarding the MDR bacteria among HIV-positive individuals in Ethiopia, this systematic review and meta-analysis is required.

methodsThis study was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Hinari, Web of Science, Science Direct, and African Journals Online databases. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2019 and analyzed using STATA version 11.0 software. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect size of outcome variables across studies with a 95% confidence interval. The I2 statistic was used to check for heterogeneity. The presence of publication bias was determined using a funnel plot and Egger's test with a p-value < 0.05 evidence of statistically significant bias.

resultsThe pooled prevalence of MDR was 58.02% (95% CI: 46.32-69.73%) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 97.1%, (p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the highest multi-drug resistance was observed in the Oromia region (80.95%), patients with multiple infections (82.35%), and studies identified both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (61.45%). Furthermore, the pooled prevalence of MDR bacteria colonizing HIV-positive individuals was 48.76%. Regarding MDR species, Enterococci (77.41%) and Pseudomonas spp. (84.60%) were commonly identified in individuals with HIV infection.

conclusionOur study indicates a high burden of MDR among HIV-positive individuals in Ethiopia. The Oromia region, HIV patients with multiple infections, Pseudomonas spp., and Enterococci showed the highest MDR in the subgroup analysis. Therefore, regional hospitals should implement strategies to tackle MDR such as vaccination program, appropriate use of antibiotics, and further study on the associated factors of MDR bacteria in HIV are required.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialHIV InfectionsAnti-Bacterial AgentsEthiopiaHumansPrevalenceAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID39186717
PMCPMC11346931

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.