ArticlePloS one2024
Trust under development: The Italian validation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ) for adolescents.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mentalization and Emotion Regulation in Adolescent Attachment: A Scoping Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Influence of strangers' vocal attractiveness on adolescents' epistemic trust: moderation effect of analytical thinking.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A laboratory task to assess epistemic mistrust: behavioral evidence for mediation between childhood trauma and borderline personality features in young adults.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2025Article
- Development and validation of the Revised Epistemic Trust, Mistrust and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ-R).BJPsych open · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
introductionIn recent years, the concept of epistemic trust has emerged as a critical factor in understanding psychopathology, particularly within the context of personality disorders. A self-report instrument, the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ), has demonstrated its validity among English and Italian adult populations. However, extending its applicability to adolescents is essential for comprehending the role of epistemic trust in the development of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to validate the ETMCQ within the Italian adolescent demographic.
methodsData were gathered from a wide selection of middle and high schools across Italy. The data collection started on 01/03/2022 and ended on 30/06/2022. Besides the ETMCQ (Study 1 = 662 participants, 12-18 years old, M = 15.56, SD = 2.20; 324 females, 338 males), we also administered other self-report instruments measuring mentalization, emotional dysregulation, general levels of psychopathology, and interpersonal trust in a smaller groups (Study 2 = 417 participants, aged from 12-19 years old, M = 15.64; SD = 2.08; 249 females, 168 males).
resultsOur findings provide empirical validation for the theoretical framework concerning the role of epistemic trust in psychological functioning and substantiate the validity of ETMCQ as a measure to assess it among teenagers.
conclusionsThe ETMCQ is a valid and promising instrument for adolescent populations; its ease and brevity of administration could make it a valuable tool both in clinical and research contexts, shedding light on the role of epistemic trust in mental health.
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