Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39185631›Full record

ArticlePediatric pulmonology2024

SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in children with severe airway obstruction due to pulmonary tuberculosis.

P Goussard, L Van Wyk, S Venkatakrishna, H Rabie, P Schubert, L Frigati, G Walzl, C Burger, A Doruyter, S Andronikou and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

P GoussardDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1146-1307
L Van WykDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-9245-3282
S VenkatakrishnaDepartment of Pediatric Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1803-1740
H RabieDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
P SchubertNational Health Laboratory Service, Department of Pathology, Division of Anatomical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
L FrigatiDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
G WalzlDSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and South African Medical Research Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
C BurgerDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
A DoruyterDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
S AndronikouDepartment of Pediatric Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
A G GieDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
D RhodeDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
C JacobsDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
M Van der ZalmDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

None
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a significant impact on tuberculosis (TB) control globally, with the number of new TB diagnoses decreasing. Coinfection with some viruses, especially measles, could aggravate TB in children. This is presumably a result of depressed cellular immunity. Reports on children with TB and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection are limited.

methodsA retrospective analysis of children up to 13 years old admitted to Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, from March 2020 to December 2022 with suspected TB-induced airway compression requiring bronchoscopy. Children were included if they presented with severe intrathoracic airway obstruction and/or radiographic evidence of complicated TB. The patients were divided into two groups based on SARS-CoV-2 respiratory polymerase chain reaction results. Demographics, TB exposure, microbiology, SARS-CoV-2 laboratory data, imaging, inflammatory cytokine levels, and bronchoscopy data were collected. Statistical analyses compared SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups.

resultsOf the 50 children undergoing bronchoscopy for TB airway obstruction, 7 (14%) were SARS-CoV-2 positive. Cough was more prevalent in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group (p = 0.04). There was no difference in TB culture yield between groups. However, SARS-CoV-2 positive children showed slower radiological improvement at 1 month (p = 0.01), pleural effusions (p < 0.001), and a higher need for endoscopic enucleation (p < 0.001). FDG PET/CT scans indicated an ongoing inflammation in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group.

conclusionsCoinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in children with TB airway obstruction appears to complicate the disease course, necessitating more medical interventions and demonstrating a longer duration of the TB inflammatory process. Further research is needed to understand the impact of viral infections on TB progression and outcomes in pediatric patients.

Indexed as

Airway ObstructionBronchoscopyCoinfectionCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2Tuberculosis, PulmonaryAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesSouth Africabronchoscopycomplicated pulmonary tuberculosisSARS‐CoV‐2TB airway obstruction

Identifiers

PMID39185631
PMCPMC11601029

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.