ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2024
Chronic Lung Disease as a Risk Factor for Long COVID in Patients Diagnosed With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk factors of post-COVID-19 symptoms, a cross-sectional study in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- A narrative review of SARS-CoV-2 variants and long COVID.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: A Narrative Review of Long-Term Consequences and Vaccination Strategies.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Obesity and Nutritional Vulnerability in long COVID: A Neuroinflammatory and Cognitive Perspective.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Global Trends of Cognition-Targeted Interventions in Chronic Lung Disease: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Pulmonary sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a narrative review of long-term functional, radiological, and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 survivors, with a regional focus on Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Blood pro-thrombotic analytes and platelet activation are associated with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often experience persistent symptoms, known as postacute sequelae of COVID-19 or long COVID, after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Chronic lung disease (CLD) has been identified in small-scale studies as a potential risk factor for long COVID. Methods: This large-scale retrospective cohort study using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative data evaluated the link between CLD and long COVID over 6 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. We included adults (aged ≥18 years) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during any of 3 SARS-CoV-2 variant periods and used logistic regression to determine the association, considering a comprehensive list of potential confounding factors, including demographics, comorbidities, socioeconomic conditions, geographical influences, and medication. Results: Of 1 206 021 patients, 1.2% were diagnosed with long COVID. A significant association was found between preexisting CLD and long COVID (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.36). Preexisting obesity and depression were also associated with increased long COVID risk (aOR, 1.32 for obesity and 1.29 for depression) as well as demographic factors including female sex (aOR, 1.09) and older age (aOR, 1.79 for age group 40-65 [vs 18-39] years and 1.56 for >65 [vs 18-39] years). Conclusions: CLD is associated with higher odds of developing long COVID within 6 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data have implications for identifying high-risk patients and developing interventions for long COVID in patients with CLD.
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